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Labor Produces Marvels For The Rich But It Produces Deprivation For The Worker. It Produces Palaces, But Hovels For The Worker. It Produces Beauty, But Deformity For The Worker. It Replaces Labor By Machines, But It Throws One Section Of The Workers Back To Barbaric Labor, And It Turns The Remainder Into Machines.

-Karl Marx

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Labor Produces Marvels For

Karl Marx

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Labor Produces Marvels For The Rich But It Produces Deprivation For The Worker. It Produces Palaces, But Hovels For The Worker. It Produces Beauty, But Deformity For The Worker. It Replaces Labor By Machines, But It Throws One Section Of The Workers Back To Barbaric Labor, And It Turns The Remainder Into Machines.

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What The Working Man Sells Is Not Directly His Labor, But His Laboring Power, The Temporary Disposal Of Which He Makes Over To The Capitalist. This Is So Much The Case That I Do Not Know Whether By The English Law, But Certainly By Some Continental Laws, The Maximum Time Is Fixed For Which A Man Is Allowed To Sell His Laboring Power. If Allowed To Do So For Any Indefinite Period Whatever, Slavery Would Be Immediately Restored. Such A Sale, If It Comprised His Lifetime, For Example, Would Make Him At Once The Lifelong Slave Of His Employer.

If Production Be Capitalistic In Form, So, Too, Will Be Reproduction.

Merely Quantitative Differences, Beyond A Certain Point, Pass Into Qualitative Changes.

If Money Is The Bond Binding Me To Human Life, Binding Society To Me, Binding Me And Nature And Man, Is Not Money The Bond Of All Bonds? Can It Not Dissolve And Bind All Ties? Is It Not, Therefore, The Universal Agent Of Separation?

Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex.

By Means Of The Banking System The Distribution Of Capital As A Special Business, A Social Function, Is Taken Out Of The Hands Of The Private Capitalists And Usurers. But At The Same Time, Banking And Credit Become The Most Effective Means Of Driving Captialist Production Beyond Its Own Limits And One Of The Most Effective Vehicles Of Crises And Swindle.

The Full Man Does Not Understand The Wants Of The Hungry

Communism Begins Where Atheism Begins.

English Law In 1572 Decreed That Beggars Above 14 Years Of Age Are To Be Severely Flogged And Branded On The Left Ear Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; In Case Of A Repetition Of The Offense, If They Are Over 18, They Are To Be Executed, Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; But For The Third Offence They Are To Be Executed Without Mercy As Felons.

As In Private Life One Differentiates Between What A Man Thinks And Says Of Himself And What He Really Is And Does, So In Historical Struggles One Must Still More Distinguish The Language And The Imaginary Aspirations Of Parties From Their Real Organism And Their Real Interests, Their Conception Of Themselves From Their Reality.

Hence Money May Be Dirt, Although Dirt Is Not Money.

We Will Hang The Capitalists With The Rope That They Sell Us.

Anyone Who Knows Anything Of History Knows That Great Social Changes Are Impossible Without Feminine Upheaval. Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex, The Ugly Ones Included.

All History Is Nothing But A Continuous Transformation Of Human Nature.

The Whole Proletariat Must Be Armed At Once With Muskets, Rifles, Cannon And Ammunition, And The Revival Of The Old-style Citizens Militia, Directed Against The Workers, Must Be Opposed.

In The Various Stages Of Development Which The Struggle Of Working Class Against The Bourgeoisie Has To Pass Through, They Always And Everywhere Represent The Interests Of The Movement As A Whole.

But, You Will Say, We Destroy The Most Hallowed Of Relations, When We Replace Home Education By Social.... The Communists Have Not Invented The Intervention Of Society In Education; They Do But Seek To Alter The Character Of That Intervention, And To Rescue Education From The Influence Of The Ruling Class.

All Our Inventions Have Endowed Material Forces With Intellectual Life, And Degraded Human Life Into A Material Force.

Crack-brained Meddling By The Authorities [can] Aggravate An Existing Crisis.

Religion Is The Opium Of The Masses.

Let The Ruling Classes Tremble At A Communist Revolution. The Proletarians Have Nothing To Lose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win. Workingmen Of All Countries, Unite!

To Be Radical Is To Grasp Things By The Root.

The Ideas Of The Ruling Class Are In Every Epoch The Ruling Ideas, I.e. The Class Which Is The Ruling Material Force Of Society, Is At The Same Time Its Ruling Intellectual Force. The Class Which Has The Means Of Material Production At Its Disposal, Has Control At The Same Time Over The Means Of Mental Production, So That Thereby, Generally Speaking, The Ideas Of Those Who Lack The Means Of Mental Production Are Subject To It. The Ruling Ideas Are Nothing More Than The Ideal Expression Of The Dominant Material Relationships, The Dominant Material Relationships Grasped As Ideas.

Very Well Then; Emancipation From Usury And Money, That Is, From Practical, Real Judaism, Would Constitute The Emancipation Of Our Time.

2 Is A Proletariat Prime, But 4, 6 And 8 Are Also Composite Proletariats. Composites Of The World Unite; You Have Nothing To Lose But Your Chains!

Nothing To Lose

The History Of All Previous Societies Has Been The History Of Class Struggles.

...it Happens That Society Is Saved As Often As The Circle Of Its Ruling Class Is Narrowed, As Often As A More Exclusive Interest Asserts Itself Over The General. Every Demand For The Most Simple Bourgeois Financial Reform, For The Most Ordinary Liberalism, For The Most Commonplace Republicanism, For The Flattest Democracy Is Forthwith Punished As An Assault Upon Society And Is Branded As Socialism.

The Existence Of The State Is Inseparable From The Existence Of Slavery.

The Country That Is More Developed Industrially Only Shows, To The Less Developed, The Image Of Its Own Future.

History Does Nothing, Possesses No Enormous Wealth, Fights No Battles. It Is Rather Man, The Real, Living Man, Who Does Everything, Possesses, Fights. It Is Not History, As If She Were A Person Apart, Who Uses Men As A Means To Work Out Her Purposes, But History Itself Is Nothing But The Activity Of Men Pursuing Their Purposes.

The Labour-power Is A Commodity , Not Capital, In The Hands Of The Labourer, And It Constitutes For Him A Revenue So Long As He Can Continuously Repeat Its Sale; It Functions As Capital After Its Sale, In The Hands Of The Capitalist, During The Process Of Production Itself.

Capital Is Reckless Of The Health Or Length Of Life Of The Laborer, Unless Under Compulsion From Society.

Take Away A Nation's Heritage And They Are More Easily Persuaded.

As A Beast Of Toil An Ox Is Fixed Capital. If He Is Eaten, He No Longer Functions As An Instrument Of Labour, Nor As Fixed Capital Either.

There Is One Great Fact, Characteristic Of This Our Nineteenth Century, A Fact Which No Party Dares Deny. On The One Hand, There Have Started Into Life Industrial And Scientific Forces Which No Epoch Of Former Human History Had Ever Suspected. On The Other Hand, There Exist Symptoms Of Decay, Far Surpassing The Horrors Recorded Of The Latter Times Of The Roman Empire. In Our Days Everything Seems Pregnant With Its Contrary.

In This Sense, The Theory Of The Communists May Be Summed Up In The Single Sentence: Abolition Of Private Property. - Manifesto Of The Communist Party

In Proportion As Capital Accumulates, The Lot Of The Laborer, Be His Payment High Or Low, Must Grow Worse.

There Are No Circumstances Imaginable, Not Even Victory, Under Which The Proletariat Should Give Up Its Possession Of Arms.

If You Can Cut The People Off From Their History, Then They Can Be Easily Persuaded.

Religion Is Only The Illusory Sun Which Revolves Round Man As Long As He Does Not Revolve Round Himself.

The Criticism Of Religion Is The Beginning Of All Criticism

Criticism Of Religion

...the Very Cannibalism Of The Counterrevolution Will Convince The Nations That There Is Only One Way In Which The Murderous Death Agonies Of The Old Society And The Bloody Birth Throes Of The New Society Can Be Shortened, Simplified And Concentrated, And That Way Is Revolutionary Terror.

Since Only What Is Material Is Perceptible, Knowable, Nothing Is Known Of The Existence Of God.

Existence Of God

The Economic Concept Of Value Does Not Occur In Antiquity .

When People Speak Of Ideas That Revolutionize Society, They Do But Express The Fact That Within The Old Society, The Elements Of A New One Have Been Created, And That The Dissolution Of The Old Ideas Keeps Even Pace With The Dissolution Of The Old Conditions Of Existence.

Usury Lives In The Pores Of Production, As It Were, Just As The Gods Of Epicurus Lived In The Space Between The Worlds.

Every Provisional Political Set-up Following A Revolution Requires A Dictatorship, And An Energetic Dictatorship At That.

[the Career A Young Man Should Choose Should Be] One That Is Most Consonant With Our Dignity, One That Is Based On Ideas Of Whose Truth We Are Wholly Convinced, One That Offers Us Largest Scope In Working For Humanity And Approaching That General Goal Towards Which Each Profession Offers Only One Of The Means: The Goal Of Perfection ... If He Works Only For Himself He Can Become A Famous Scholar, A Great Sage, An Excellent Imaginative Writer [ Dichter ], But Never A Perfected, A Truly Great Man.

Without The Presence Of Class Warfare, Trade Unions Would Be Hard Put To Justfy Their Existence.

We Know Only A Single Science, The Science Of History. History Can Be Contemplated From Two Sides, It Can Be Divided Into The History Of Nature And The History Of Mankind. However, The Two Sides Are Not To Be Divided Off; As Long As Men Exist The History Of Nature And The History Of Men Are Mutually Conditioned.

Capitalist Agricultural Production Prevents The Return To The Soil Of Its Elements Consumed By Man In The Form Of Food And Clothing; It Therefore Violates The Conditions Necessary To Lasting Fertility Of The Soil. By This Action It Destroys At The Same Time The Health Of The Town Labourer And The Intellectual Life Of The Rural Labourer.

Political Economy Regards The Proletarian Like A Horse, He Must Receive Enough To Enable Him To Work. It Does Not Consider Him, During The Time When He Is Not Working, As A Human Being. It Leaves This To Criminal Law, Doctors, Religion, Statistical Tables, Politics, And The Beadle.

It Has Drowned The Most Heavenly Ecstasies Of Religious Fervour, Of Chivalrous Enthusiasm, Of Philistine Sentimentalism, In The Icy Water Of Egotistical Calculation. It Has Resolved Personal Worth Into Exchange Value, And In Place Of Numberless Indefeasible Chartered Freedoms, It Has Set Up That Single, Unconscionable Freedom -- Free Trade. In One Word, For Exploitation, Veiled By Religious And Political Illusions, It Has Substituted Naked, Shameless, Direct, Brutal Exploitation.

A Specter Is Haunting Europe - The Specter Of Communism.

The Better Shaped His Product, The More Misshapen The Worker.

I Do Not Like Money, Money Is The Reason We Fight.

The Production Of Too Many Useful Things Results In Too Many Useless People.

Men Can See Nothing Around Them That Is Not Their Own Image; Everything Speaks To Them Of Themselves. Their Very Landscape Is Alive.

Free Education For All Children In Public Schools... Combination Of Education With Industrial Production

In My Free Time I Do Differential And Integral Calculus.

Integral Calculus

Scientific Truth Is Always Paradox, If Judged By Everyday Experience, Which Catches Only The Delusive Appearance Of Things.

The Fact That Labour Is External To The Worker, I.e., It Does Not Belong To His Intrinsic Nature; That In His Work, Therefore He Does Not Affirm Himself But Denies Himself, Does Not Feel Content But Unhappy, Does Not Develop Freely His Physical And Mental Energy But Mortifies His Body And His Mind. The Worker Therefore Only Feels Himself Outside His Work, And In His Work Feels Outside Himself.

As Individuals Express Their Life, So They Are. What They Are, Therefore, Coincides With Their Production, Both With What They Produce And With How They Produce. The Nature Of Individuals Thus Depends On The Material Conditions Determining Their Production.

Work Is External To The Worker. . . . It Is Not Part Of His Nature; Consequently He Does Not Fulfill Himself In His Work But Denies Himself. . . . The Worker Therefore Feels Himself At Home Only During His Leisure Time, Whereas At Work He Feels Homeless.

Society Is A Sort Of Organism On The Growth Of Which Conscious Efforts Can Exercise Little Effect.

Religion Is The Sigh Of The Oppressed Creature, The Heart Of A Heartless World, And The Soul Of Soulless Conditions. It Is The Opium Of The People.

All Freed, Fast-frozen Relations, With Their Train Of Ancient And Venerable Prejudices And Opinions, Are Swept Away, All New-formed Ones Become Antiquated Before They Can Ossify. All That Is Solid Melts Into Air, All That Is Holy Is Profaned, And Man Is At Last Compelled To Face With Sober Senses, His Real Conditions Of Life, And His Relations With His Kind.

Accumulation Of Wealth At One Pole Is At The Same Time Accumulation Of Misery, Agony Of Toil, Slavery, Ignorance, Brutality, Mental Degradation, At The Opposite Pole

Darwin Has Interested Us In The History Of Nature's Technology.

Nothing Is Easier Than To Give Christian Asceticism A Socialist Tinge.

Misery Motivates, Not Utopia.

To Discover The Various Use Of Things Is The Work Of History.

It Might Otherwise Appear Paradoxical That Money Can Be Replaced By Worthless Paper; But That The Slightest Alloying Of Its Metallic Content Depreciates It.

The Circulation Of Commodities Is The Original Precondition Of The Circulation Of Money.

The Communists Disdain To Conceal Their Views And Aims. They Open Declare That Their Ends Can Be Attained Only By The Forcible Overthrow Of All Existing Social Conditions. Let The Ruling Classes Tremble At A Communistic Revolution. The Proletarians Have Nothing To Lose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win. Working Men Of All Countries, Unite!

Constant Revolutionizing Of Production, Uninterrupted Disturbance Of All Social Conditions, Everlasting Uncertainty And Agitation Distinguish The Bourgeosis Epoch From All Earlier Ones.

Communist Manifesto

Hegel Remarks Somewhere That All Great, World-historical Facts And Personages Occur, As It Were, Twice. He Has Forgotten To Add: The First Time As Tragedy, The Second As Farce.

Man Makes Religion, Religion Does Not Make Man

Criticism Of Religion

The Ruling Ideas Of Each Age Have Ever Been The Ideas Of Its Ruling Class.

The Past Lies Like A Nightmare Upon The Present.

The Object Of Art Like Every Other Product Creates A Public Which Is Sensitive To Art And Enjoys Beauty.

The Working Men Have No Country. We Cannot Take Away From Them What They Have Not Got

The Meaning Of Peace Is The Absence Of Opposition To Socialism.

The Theory Of Communism May Be Summed Up In One Sentence: Abolish All Private Property.

The Most Interesting Acquaintanceship I Have Struck Up Here Is That Of Colonel Lapinski. He Is Without Doubt The Cleverest Pole - Besides Being An Homme D'action [man Of Action] - That I Have Ever Met. His Sympathies Are All On The German Side, Though In Manners And Speech He Is Also A Frenchman. He Cares Nothing For The Struggle Of Nationalities And Only Knows The Racial Struggle. He Hates All Orientals, Among Whom He Numbers Russians Turks, Greeks, Armenians, Etc., With Equal Impartiality.... His Aim Now Is To Raise A German Legion In London.

All Forms Of The State Have Democracy For Their Truth, And For That Reason Are False To The Extent That They Are Not Democracy

The Abolition Of Religion As The Illusory Happiness Of The People Is The Demand For Their Real Happiness. To Call On Them To Give Up Their Illusions About Their Condition Is To Call On Them To Give Up A Condition That Requires Illusions. The Criticism Of Religion Is, Therefore, In Embryo, The Criticism Of That Vale Of Tears Of Which Religion Is The Halo.

All I Know Is That I Am Not A Marxist.

Social Reforms Are Never Carried Out By The Weakness Of The Strong; But Always By The Strength Of The Weak.

This Young Lady, Who Instantly Overwhelmed Me With Her Kindness, Is The Ugliest Creature I Have Seen In My Entire Life, With Repulsive Jewish Facial Features.

All Social Rules And All Relations Between Individuals Are Eroded By A Cash Economy, Avarice Drags Pluto Himself Out Of The Bowels Of The Earth.

The Weapon Of Criticism Can Never Replace The Criticism Of Weapons.

When Commercial Capital Occupies A Position Of Unquestioned Ascendancy, It Everywhere Constitutes A System Of Plunder.

In Proportion Therefore, As The Repulsiveness Of The Work Increases, The Wage Decreases.

Communist Manifesto

...it Is All The More Clear What We Have To Accomplish At Present: I Am Referring To Ruthless Criticism Of All That Exists, Ruthless Both In The Sense Of Not Being Afraid Of The Results It Arrives At And In The Sense Of Being Just As Little Afraid Of Conflict With The Powers That Be.

Men Make Their Own History, But They Do Not Make It Just As They Please; They Do Not Make It Under Circumstances Chosen By Themselves, But Under Circumstances Directly Encountered, Given And Transmitted From The Past. The Tradition Of All The Dead Generations Weighs Like A Nightmare On The Brain Of The Living.

Moments Are The Elements Of Profit

Religion Is The Balm Of The People.

The Capitalist Cannot Store Labour-power In Warehouses After He Has Bought It, As He May Do With The Raw Material.

...the Realm Of Freedom Does Not Commence Until The Point Is Passed Where Labor Under The Compulsion Of Necessity And Of External Utility Is Required.

From The Outset, The Christian Was The Theorizing Jew, The Jew Is Therefore The Practical Christian, And The Practical Christian Has Become A Jew Again.

The Consciousness Of The Past Weighs Like A Nightmare On The Brain Of The Living.

Money Degrades All The Gods Of Man And Converts Them Into Commodities.

Capital Is Money, Capital Is Commodities. By Virtue Of It Being Value, It Has Acquired The Occult Ability To Add Value To Itself. It Brings Forth Living Offspring, Or, At The Least, Lays Golden Eggs.

Anyone Wanting A New House Picks One From Among Those Built On Speculation Or Still In Process Of Construction. The Builder No Longer Works For His Customers But For The Market.

History Does Nothing; It Does Not Possess Immense Riches, It Does Not Fight Battles. It Is Men, Real, Living, Who Do All This.

From Each According To His Abilities, To Each According To His Needs.

May The Devil Take These Peoples Movements, Especially When They Are 'peaceful'.

In A Word, The Free Trade System Hastens The Social Revolution. It Is In This Revolutionary Sense Alone, Gentlemen, That I Vote In Favor Of Free Trade.

Value, Therefore, Does Not Stalk About With A Label Describing What It Is.

Darwin's Book Is Very Important And Serves Me As A Basis In Natural Science For The Class Struggle In History. One Has To Put Up With The Crude English Method Of Development, Of Course. Despite All Deficiencies Not Only Is The Death-blow Dealt Here For The First Time To 'teleology' In The Natural Sciences, But Their Rational Meaning Is Empirically Explained.

I Am A Machine, Condemned To Devour Them And Then, Throw Them, In A Changed Form, On The Dunghill Of History.

In The National Struggles Of The Proletarians Of The Different Countries, They Point Out And Bring To The Front The Common Interest Of The Entire Proletariat, Independently Of All Nationality.

The Philosophers Have Only Interpreted The World, In Various Ways: The Point, However, Is To Change It.

Democracy Is The Road To Socialism.

Medicine Heals Doubts As Well As Diseases.

The Bourgeoisie, Wherever It Has Got The Upper Hand, Has Put An End To All Feudal, Patriarchal, Idyllic Relations. It Has Pitilessly Torn Asunder The Motley Of Ties That Bound Man To His "natural Superiors," And Left Remaining No Other Nexus Between Man And Man Than Naked Self-interest, Than Callous "cash Payment.

If Emancipation Of The Working Classes Requires Their Fraternal Conncurrence, How Are They To Fulfill That Great Mission With A Foreign Policy In Pursuit Of Criminal Designs, Playing Upon National Prejudices, And Squandering In Piratical Wars The People's Blood And Treasure? It Was Not The Wisdom Of The Ruling Classes, But The Heroic Resistance To Their Criminal Folly By The Working Classes Of England, That Saved The West Of Europe From Plunging Headlong Into An Infamous Crusade For The Propagation Of Slavery On The Other Side Of The Atlantic.

If I Negate Powdered Wigs, I Am Still Left With Unpowdered Wigs.

Change The Economic Base And You Will Change Human Beings.

No Production Without A Need. But Consumption Reproduces The Need.

Titles Of Property, For Instance Railway Shares, May Change Hands Every Day, And Their Owner May Make A Profit By Their Sale Even In Foreign Countries, So That Titles To Property Are Exportable, Although The Railway Itself Is Not.

All I Know Is I'm Not A Marxist.

The Traditions Of The Dead Generations Weigh Like A Nightmare Upon The Living.

In Place Of The Old Bourgeois Society, With Its Classes And Class Antagonisms, We Shall Have An Association In Which The Free Development Of Each Is The Condition For The Free Development Of All.

A Nation That Enslaves Another Forges Its Own Chains.

Exchange Value Forms The Substance Of Money, And Exchange Value Is Wealth.

The Directing Motive, The End And Aim Of Capitalist Production, Is To Extract The Greatest Possible Amount Of Surplus Value, And Consequently To Exploit Labor-power To The Greatest Possible Extent.

Religion Is The Opiate Of The People.

The Writer May Very Well Serve A Movement Of History As Its Mouthpiece, But He Cannot Of Course Create It.

Communism... Is The Genuine Resolution Of The Antagonism Between Man And Nature And Between Man And Man; It Is The True Resolution Of The Conflict Between Existence And Essence, Objectification And Self-affirmation, Freedom And Necessity, Individual And Species. It Is The Riddle Of History Solved And Knows Itself As The Solution.

Music Is The Mirror Of Reality.

The Way People Get Their Living Determines Their Social Outlook.

Perseus Wore A Magic Cap That The Monsters He Hunted Down Might Not See Him. We Draw The Magic Cap Down Over Eyes And Ears As A Make-believe That There Are No Monsters.

Every One Knows That There Are No Real Forests In England.the Deer In The Parks Of The Great Are Demurely Domestic Cattle, Fat As London Alderman.

Surround Yourself With People Who Make You Happy. People Who Make You Laugh, Who Help You When You’re In Need. People Who Genuinely Care. They Are The Ones Worth Keeping In Your Life. Everyone Else Is Just Passing Through.

To Destroy Christianity, We Must First Destroy The British Empire.

Machines Were, It May Be Said, The Weapon Employed By The Capitalists To Quell The Revolt Of Specialized Labor.

It's Possible That I Shall Make An Ass Of Myself. But In That Case One Can Always Get Out Of It With A Little Dialectic. I Have, Of Course, So Worded My Proposition As To Be Right Either Way.

Language Comes Into Being, Like Consciousness, From The Basic Need, From The Scantiest Intercourse With Other Human.

The Circulation Of Capital Realizes Value , While Living Labour Creates Value .

The Individual Produces An Object And, By Consuming It, Returns To Himself, But Returns As A Productive And Self Reproducing Individual. Consumption Thus Appears As A Moment Of Production.

I Pre-suppose, Of Course, A Reader Who Is Willing To Learn Something New And Therefore To Think For Himself.

The English Established Church... Will More Readily Pardon An Attack On 38 Of Its 39 Articles Than On 1/39 Of Its Income.

Colonial System, Public Debts, Heavy Taxes, Protection, Commercial Wars, Etc., These Offshoots Of The Period Of Manufacture Swell To Gigantic Proportions During The Period Of Infancy Of Large-scale Industry. The Birth Of The Latter Is Celebrated By A Vast, Hero-like Slaughter Of The Innocents.

The Unity Of The Bourgeoisie Can Be Shaken Only By The Unity Of The Proletariat.

Philosophy Studies The World, But The Point Is To Change It.

While The Miser Is Merely A Capitalist Gone Mad, The Capitalist Is A Rational Miser.

Force Is The Midwife Of Every Old Society Pregnant With A New One.

It Would Perhaps Be As Well If Things Were To Remain Quiet For A Few Years Yet, So That All This 1848 Democracy Has Time To Rot Away.

Democracies Have

On A Level Plain, Simple Mounds Look Like Hills; And The Insipid Flatness Of Our Present Bourgeoisie Is To Be Measured By The Altitude Of Its Great Intellects.

The Need Of A Constantly Expanding Market For Its Products Chases The Bourgeoisie Over The Entire Surface Of The Globe. It Must Nestle Everywhere, Settle Everywhere, Establish Connections Everywhere. The Bourgeoisie Has, Through Its Exploitation Of The World Market, Given A Cosmopolitan Character To Production And Consumption In Every Country. To The Great Chagrin Of Reactionaries, It Has Drawn From Under The Feet Of Industry The National Ground On Which It Stood.

Workers Of The World Unite; You Have Nothing To Lose But Your Chains.

Communist Manifesto

Science And Democracy Are The Right And Left Hands Of What I'll Refer To As The Move From The Realm Of Necessity To The Realm Of Freedom.

The Method Of Production Of The Material Things Of Life Generally Determines The Social, Political And Spiritual Currents Of Life.

Labor, Being Itself A Commodity, Is Measured As Such By The Labor Time Needed To Produce The Labor-commodity. And What Is Needed To Produce This Labor-commodity? Just Enough Labor Time To Produce The Objects Indispensable To The Constant Maintenance Of Labor, That Is, To Keep The Worker Alive And In A Condition To Propagate His Race. The Natural Price Of Labor Is No Other Than The Wage Minimum.

All That We Want To Do Away With Is The Miserable Character Of This Appropriation, Under Which The Labourer Lives Merely To Increase Capital , And Allowed To Live Only So Far As The Interest To The Ruling Class Requires It.

If The Labourer Consumes His Disposable Time For Himself, He Robs The Capitalist.

Religion Is The Opium Of The People Translated From The German Die Religion ... Ist Das Opium Des Volkessometimes Misquoted As Opiate Of The People.

Let Us Consider The Actual, Worldly Jew - Not The Sabbath Jew, As Bauer Does, But The Everyday Jew. ... What Is The Worldly Religion Of The Jew? Huckstering. What Is His Worldly God? Money. Money Is The Jealous God Of Israel, In Face Of Which No Other God May Exist. Money Degrades All The Gods Of Man - And Turns Them Into Commodities. The Bill Of Exchange Is The Real God Of The Jew. His God Is Only An Illusory Bill Of Exchange. The Chimerical Nationality Of The Jew Is The Nationality Of The Merchant, Of The Man Of Money In General.

The Redeeming Feature Of War Is That It Puts A Nation To The Test. As Exposure To The Atmosphere Reduces All Mummies To Instant Dissolution, So War Passes Supreme Judgment Upon Social Systems That Have Outlived Their Vitality.

With Disdain I Will Throw My Gauntlet Full In The Fact Of The World And See The Collapse Of This Pygmy Giant. Then Will I Wander God-like And Victorious Through The Ruins Of The World. And Giving My Words An Active Force, I Will Feel Equal To The Creator.

Each Pursues His Private Interest And Only His Private Interest; And Thereby Serves The Private Interests Of All, The General Interest, Without Willing It Or Knowing It. The Real Point Is Not That Each Individual's Pursuit Of His Private Interest Promotes The Totality Of Private Interests, The General Interest. One Could Just As Well Deduce From This Abstract Phrase That Each Individual Reciprocally Blocks The Assertion Of The Others' Interests, So That, Instead Of A General Affirmation, This War Of All Against All Produces A General Negation.

In Proportion As The Bourgeoisie, I.e., Capital, Is Developed, In The Same Proportion Is The Proletariat, The Modern Working Class, Developed - A Class Of Labourers, Who Live Only So Long As They Find Work, And Who Find Work Only So Long As Their Labour Increases Capital. These Labourers, Who Must Sell Themselves Piecemeal, Are A Commodity, Like Every Other Article Of Commerce, And Are Consequently Exposed To All The Vicissitudes Of Competition, To All The Fluctuations Of The Market.

Capitalist Production, Therefore, Develops Technology, And The Combining Together Of Various Processes Into A Social Whole, Only By Sapping The Original Sources Of All Wealth - The Soil And The Labourer.

The French Need A Thrashing. If The Prussians Win, The Centralization Of State Power Will Be Useful For The Centralization Of The German Working Class. German Predominance Would Also Transfer The Center Of Gravity Of The Workers' Movement In Western Europe From France To Germany, And One Has Only To Compare The Movement In The Two Countries From 1866 Until Now To See That The German Working Class Is Superior To The French Both Theoretically And Organizationally.

Hitherto, Every Form Of Society Has Been Based ... On The Antagonism Of Oppressing And Oppressed Classes.

Life Is Not Determined By Consciousness, But Consciousness By Life.

Gold Is Now Money With Reference To All Other Commodities Only Because It Was Previously, With Reference To Them, A Simple Commodity.

In The Bureaucracy, The Identity Of State Interest And Particular Private Aim Is Established In Such A Way That The State Interest Becomes A Particular Private Aim Over Against Other Private Aims.

Nothing Has Changed In Russias Policy. Her Methods, Her Tactics, Her Maneuvers May Change, But The Pole Starworld Dominationis Immutable.

The Writer Must Earn Money In Order To Be Able To Live And To Write, But He Must By No Means Live And Write For The Purpose Of Making Money.

The Product Of Mental Labor - Science - Always Stands Far Below Its Value, Because The Labor-time Necessary To Reproduce It Has No Relation At All To The Labor-time Required For Its Original Production.

The Bourgeoisie Cannot Exist Without Constantly Revolutionizing The Instruments Of Production, And Thereby The Relations Of Production, And With Them The Whole Relations Of Society.

Communist Manifesto

When The Train Of History Hits A Curve, The Intellectuals Fall Off.

We Have No Compassion And We Ask No Compassion From You. When Our Turn Comes, We Shall Not Make Excuses For The Terror.

The Less You Eat, Drink And Read Books; The Less You Go To The Theatre, The Dance Hall, The Public House; The Less You Think, Love, Theorize, Sing, Paint, Fence, Etc., The More You Save-the Greater Becomes Your Treasure Which Neither Moths Nor Dust Will Devour-your Capital. The Less You Are, The More You Have; The Less You Express Your Own Life, The Greater Is Your Alienated Life-the Greater Is The Store Of Your Estranged Being.

The Proletarians Have Nothing To Loose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win.

The Unity Is Brought About By Force .

The Task Is Not Just To Understand The World But To Change It.

A Spider Conducts Operations That Resemble Those Of A Weaver, And A Bee Puts To Shame Many An Architect In The Construction Of Her Cells. But What Distinguishes The Worst Architect From The Best Of Bees Is This, That The Architect Raises His Structure In Imagination Before He Erects It In Reality.

The Ideas Of The Ruling Class Are In Every Epoch The Ruling Ideas, I.e., The Class Which Is The Ruling Material Force Of Society, Is At The Same Time Its Ruling Intellectual Force.

The Religious World Is But A Reflex Of The Real World.

A Heavy Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax.

When The Sufferers Learn To Think, Then The Thinkers Will Learn To Suffer.

History Calls Those Men The Greatest Who Have Ennobled Themselves By Working For The Common Good; Experience Acclaims As Happiest The Man Who Has Made The Greatest Number Of People Happy.

In The Eyes Of Dialectical Philosophy, Nothing Is Established For All Times, Nothing Is Absolute Or Sacred.

The Development Of Civilization And Industry In General Has Always Shown Itself So Active In The Destruction Of Forests That Everything That Has Been Done For Their Conservation And Production Is Completely Insignificant In Comparison.

In The Domain Of Political Economy, Free Scientific Inquiry Meets Not Merely The Same Enemies As In All Other Domains. The Peculiar Nature Of The Material It Deals With, Summons As Foes Into The Field Of Battle The Most Violent, Mean And Malignant Passions Of The Human Breast, The Furies Of Private Interest.

Civil Servants And Priests, Soldiers And Ballet-dancers, Schoolmasters And Police Constables, Greek Museums And Gothic Steeples, Civil List And Services List -- The Common Seed Within Which All These Fabulous Beings Slumber In Embryo Is Taxation.

Labor Produces Marvels For The Rich But It Produces Deprivation For The Worker. It Produces Palaces, But Hovels For The Worker. It Produces Beauty, But Deformity For The Worker. It Replaces Labor By Machines, But It Throws One Section Of The Workers Back To Barbaric Labor, And It Turns The Remainder Into Machines.

The First Premise Of All Human History Is, Of Course, The Existence Of Living Human Individuals. Thus The First Fact To Be Established Is The Physical Organisation Of These Individuals And Their Consequent Relation To The Rest Of Nature.

Ideas Do Not Exist Separately From Language.

The Rich Will Do Anything For The Poor But Get Off Their Backs.

England Has To Fulfill A Double Mission In India: One Destructive, The Other Regenerating - The Annihilation Of Old Asiatic Society, And The Laying The Material Foundations Of Western Society In Asia... When A Great Social Revolution Shall Have Mastered The Results Of The Bourgeois Epoch... And Subjected Them To The Common Control Of The Most Advanced Peoples, Then Only Will Human Progress Cease To Resemble That Hideous, Pagan Idol, Who Would Not Drink The Nectar But From The Skulls Of The Slain.

In Short, Competition Has To Shoulder The Responsibility Of Explaining All The Meaningless Ideas Of The Economists, Whereas It Should Rather Be The Economists Who Explain Competition.

But The More These Conscious Illusions Of The Ruling Class Are Shown To Be False And The Less They Satisfy Common Sense, The More Dogmatically They Are Asserted And The More Deceitful, Moralizing And Spiritual Becomes The Language Of Established Society.

I Am Stretching Out This Volume, Since Those German Dogs Estimate The Value Of Books By Their Cubic Contents.

Surplus-value And The Rate Of Surplus-value Are... The Invisible Essence To Be Investigated, Whereas The Rate Of Profit And Hence The Form Of Surplus-value As Profit Are Visible Surface Phenomena

Even An Entire Society, A Nation, Or All Simultaneously Existing Societies Taken Together, Are Not Owners Of The Earth. They Are Simply Its Possessors, Its Beneficiaries, And Have To Bequeath It In An Improved State To Succeeding Generations.

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William J. Brennan

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