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...it Happens That Society Is Saved As Often As The Circle Of Its Ruling Class Is Narrowed, As Often As A More Exclusive Interest Asserts Itself Over The General. Every Demand For The Most Simple Bourgeois Financial Reform, For The Most Ordinary Liberalism, For The Most Commonplace Republicanism, For The Flattest Democracy Is Forthwith Punished As An Assault Upon Society And Is Branded As Socialism.

-Karl Marx

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...it Happens That Society

Karl Marx

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...it Happens That Society Is Saved As Often As The Circle Of Its Ruling Class Is Narrowed, As Often As A More Exclusive Interest Asserts Itself Over The General. Every Demand For The Most Simple Bourgeois Financial Reform, For The Most Ordinary Liberalism, For The Most Commonplace Republicanism, For The Flattest Democracy Is Forthwith Punished As An Assault Upon Society And Is Branded As Socialism.

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Gold Is Now Money With Reference To All Other Commodities Only Because It Was Previously, With Reference To Them, A Simple Commodity.

When People Speak Of Ideas That Revolutionize Society, They Do But Express The Fact That Within The Old Society, The Elements Of A New One Have Been Created, And That The Dissolution Of The Old Ideas Keeps Even Pace With The Dissolution Of The Old Conditions Of Existence.

Men Make Their Own History, But They Do Not Make It Just As They Please; They Do Not Make It Under Circumstances Chosen By Themselves, But Under Circumstances Directly Encountered, Given And Transmitted From The Past. The Tradition Of All The Dead Generations Weighs Like A Nightmare On The Brain Of The Living.

The Imaginary Flowers Of Religion Adorn Man's Chains. Man Must Throw Off The Flowers, And Also The Chains.

A Specter Is Haunting Europe - The Specter Of Communism.

The English Established Church... Will More Readily Pardon An Attack On 38 Of Its 39 Articles Than On 1/39 Of Its Income.

[napoleon] Swept Away Everywhere The Establishments Of Feudality. ... [he Was] Caesar Himself.

The Religious World Is But A Reflex Of The Real World.

The Essence Of The Free Press Is The Reliable, Reasonable And Moral Nature Of Freedom.

In The National Struggles Of The Proletarians Of The Different Countries, They Point Out And Bring To The Front The Common Interest Of The Entire Proletariat, Independently Of All Nationality.

The English Have All The Material Requisites For The Revolution. What They Lack Is The Spirit Of Generalization And Revolutionary Ardour.

In This Sense, The Theory Of The Communists May Be Summed Up In The Single Sentence: Abolition Of Private Property. - Manifesto Of The Communist Party

Man Makes Religion, Religion Does Not Make Man

Criticism Of Religion

All That We Want To Do Away With Is The Miserable Character Of This Appropriation, Under Which The Labourer Lives Merely To Increase Capital , And Allowed To Live Only So Far As The Interest To The Ruling Class Requires It.

The Capitalist Knows That All Commodities, However Scurvy They May Look, Or However Badly They May Smell, Are In Faith And In Truth Money, Inwardly Circumcised Jews, And What Is More, A Wonderful Means Whereby Out Of Money To Make More Money.

Perseus Wore A Magic Cap That The Monsters He Hunted Down Might Not See Him. We Draw The Magic Cap Down Over Eyes And Ears As A Make-believe That There Are No Monsters.

Greek Philosophy Seems To Have Met With Something With Which A Good Tragedy Is Not Supposed To Meet, Namely, A Dull Ending.

Constant Revolutionizing Of Production, Uninterrupted Disturbance Of All Social Conditions, Everlasting Uncertainty And Agitation Distinguish The Bourgeosis Epoch From All Earlier Ones.

Communist Manifesto

Junk Food, Empty Calories And Carbs Are The Big Data Of The Masses

Only In Community With Others Has Each Individual The Means Of Cultivating His Gifts In All Directions; Only In The Community, Therefore, Is Personal Freedom Possible.

Accumulate, Accumulate! This Is Moses And The Prophets!

You Are Horrified At Our Intending To Do Away With Private Property. But In Your Existing Society, Private Property Is Already Done Away With For Nine Tenths Of The Population; Its Existence For The Few Is Solely Due To Its Non-existence In The Hands Of Those Nine Tenths. You Reproach Us, Therefore, With Intending To Do Away With A Form Of Property, The Necessary Condition For Whose Existence Is The Non-existence Of Any Property For The Immense Majority Of Society.

As The Chosen People Bore In Their Features The Sign Manual Of Jehovah , So The Division Of Labour Brands The Manufacturing Workman As The Property Of Capital .

Language Is As Old As Consciousness, Language Is Practical, Real Consciousness That Exists For Other Men As Well, And Only Therefore Does It Also Exist For Me; Language, Like Consciousness, Only Arises From The Need, The Necessity, Of Intercourse With Other Men.

If Production Be Capitalistic In Form, So, Too, Will Be Reproduction.

Philosophy Studies The World, But The Point Is To Change It.

The Ideas Of The Ruling Class Are In Every Epoch The Ruling Ideas, I.e., The Class Which Is The Ruling Material Force Of Society, Is At The Same Time Its Ruling Intellectual Force.

Every One Knows That There Are No Real Forests In England.the Deer In The Parks Of The Great Are Demurely Domestic Cattle, Fat As London Alderman.

I Do Not Like Money, Money Is The Reason We Fight.

The More A Ruling Class Is Able To Assimilate The Most Prominent Men Of A Ruled Class, The More Solid And Dangerous Its Rule.

...the Very Cannibalism Of The Counterrevolution Will Convince The Nations That There Is Only One Way In Which The Murderous Death Agonies Of The Old Society And The Bloody Birth Throes Of The New Society Can Be Shortened, Simplified And Concentrated, And That Way Is Revolutionary Terror.

The Rich Will Do Anything For The Poor But Get Off Their Backs.

The National Debt Has Given Rise To Joint Stock Companies, To Dealings In Negotiable Effects Of All Kinds, And To Agiotage , In A Word To Stock-exchange Gambling And The Modern Bankocracy .

Exchange Value Forms The Substance Of Money, And Exchange Value Is Wealth.

As The Variable Capital Always Stays In The Hands Of The Capitalist In Some Form Or Other, It Cannot Be Claimed In Any Way That It Converts Itself Into Revenue For Anyone .

There Are, Besides, Eternal Truths, Such As Freedom, , Etc., That Are Common To All States Of Society. But Communism Abolishes Eternal Truths, It Abolishes All Religion, And All Morality, Instead Of Constituting Them On A New Basis; It Therefore Acts In Contradiction To All Past Historical Experience.

In Short, Competition Has To Shoulder The Responsibility Of Explaining All The Meaningless Ideas Of The Economists, Whereas It Should Rather Be The Economists Who Explain Competition.

In Proportion As The Exploitation Of One Individual By Another Is Put An End To, The Exploitation Of One Nation By Another Will Also Be Put An End To. In Proportion As The Antagonism Between Classes Within The Nation Vanishes, The Hostility Of One Nation To Another Will Come To An End.

A Commodity Has A Value Because It Is A Crystallization Of Social Labor. The Greatness Of Its Value, Or Its Relative Value, Depends Upon The Greater Or Less Amount Of That Social Substance Contained In It; That Is To Say, On The Relative Mass Of Labor Necessary For Its Production.

If Money Is The Bond Binding Me To Human Life, Binding Society To Me, Binding Me And Nature And Man, Is Not Money The Bond Of All Bonds? Can It Not Dissolve And Bind All Ties? Is It Not, Therefore, The Universal Agent Of Separation?

Modern Society, Which, Soon After Its Birth, Pulled Plutus By The Hair Of His Head From The Bowels Of The Earth, Greets Gold As Its Holy Grail, As The Glittering Incarnation Of The Very Principle Of Its Own Life.

Nothing Has Changed In Russias Policy. Her Methods, Her Tactics, Her Maneuvers May Change, But The Pole Starworld Dominationis Immutable.

The Circulation Of Commodities Is The Original Precondition Of The Circulation Of Money.

But The More These Conscious Illusions Of The Ruling Class Are Shown To Be False And The Less They Satisfy Common Sense, The More Dogmatically They Are Asserted And The More Deceitful, Moralizing And Spiritual Becomes The Language Of Established Society.

Capital Is Reckless Of The Health Or Length Of Life Of The Laborer, Unless Under Compulsion From Society.

History Calls Those Men The Greatest Who Have Ennobled Themselves By Working For The Common Good; Experience Acclaims As Happiest The Man Who Has Made The Greatest Number Of People Happy.

The Proletarians Have Nothing To Loose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win.

Religion Is The Opium Of The Masses.

An Object Of Art Creates A Public Capable Of Finding Pleasure In Its Beauty. Production, Therefore, Not Only Produces An Object For The Subject, But Also A Subject For The Object.

A Spectre Is Haunting Europe-the Spectre Of Communism. All The Powers Of Old Europe Have Entered Into Holy Alliance To Exorcise This Spectre: Pope And Czar, Metternich And Guizot, French Radicals And German Police-spies. Where Is The Party In Opposition That Has Not Been Decried As Communistic By Its Opponents In Power? Where The Opposition That Has Not Hurled Back The Branding Reproach Of Communism, Against The More Advanced Opposition Parties, As Well As Against Its Reactionary Adversaries?

Go On, Get Out - Last Words Are For Fools Who Haven't Said Enough. To His Housekeeper, Who Urged Him To Tell Her His Last Words So She Could Write Them Down For Posterity.

Political Economy Regards The Proletarian Like A Horse, He Must Receive Enough To Enable Him To Work. It Does Not Consider Him, During The Time When He Is Not Working, As A Human Being. It Leaves This To Criminal Law, Doctors, Religion, Statistical Tables, Politics, And The Beadle.

The Bourgeoisie Of The Whole World, Which Looks Complacently Upon The Wholesale Massacre After The Battle, Is Convulsed By Horror At The Desecration Of Brick And Mortar.

Bricks And Mortar

The Education Of All Children, From The Moment That They Can Get Along Without A Mother's Care, Shall Be In State Institutions.

I Am Stretching Out This Volume, Since Those German Dogs Estimate The Value Of Books By Their Cubic Contents.

The Burgeoisie, By The Rapid Improvement Of All Instruments Of Production, By The Immensely Facilitated Means Of Communication, Draws All Nations Into Civilization.

I Am Nothing And Should Be Everything.

...it Is All The More Clear What We Have To Accomplish At Present: I Am Referring To Ruthless Criticism Of All That Exists, Ruthless Both In The Sense Of Not Being Afraid Of The Results It Arrives At And In The Sense Of Being Just As Little Afraid Of Conflict With The Powers That Be.

The Animal Is One With Its Life Activity. It Does Not Distinguish The Activity From Itself. It Is Its Activity. But Man Makes Hislife Activity Itself An Object Of His Will And Consciousness. He Has A Conscious Life Activity. It Is Not A Determination With Which He Is Completely Identified.

But, You Will Say, We Destroy The Most Hallowed Of Relations, When We Replace Home Education By Social.... The Communists Have Not Invented The Intervention Of Society In Education; They Do But Seek To Alter The Character Of That Intervention, And To Rescue Education From The Influence Of The Ruling Class.

We Know Only A Single Science, The Science Of History. History Can Be Contemplated From Two Sides, It Can Be Divided Into The History Of Nature And The History Of Mankind. However, The Two Sides Are Not To Be Divided Off; As Long As Men Exist The History Of Nature And The History Of Men Are Mutually Conditioned.

Society Is Undergoing A Silent Revolution, Which Must Be Submitted To, And Which Takes No More Notice Of The Human Existences It Breaks Down Than An Earthquake Regards The Houses It Subverts. The Classes And The Races, Too Weak To Master The New Conditions Of Life, Must Give Way.

Society Is A Sort Of Organism On The Growth Of Which Conscious Efforts Can Exercise Little Effect.

Religion Is The Impotence Of The Human Mind To Deal With Occurrences It Cannot Understand.

The Full Man Does Not Understand The Wants Of The Hungry

The Bourgeoisie, Wherever It Has Got The Upper Hand, Has Put An End To All Feudal, Patriarchal, Idyllic Relations. It Has Pitilessly Torn Asunder The Motley Of Ties That Bound Man To His "natural Superiors," And Left Remaining No Other Nexus Between Man And Man Than Naked Self-interest, Than Callous "cash Payment.

In The Various Stages Of Development Which The Struggle Of Working Class Against The Bourgeoisie Has To Pass Through, They Always And Everywhere Represent The Interests Of The Movement As A Whole.

In Communist Society, Where Nobody Has One Exclusive Sphere Of Activity But Each Can Become Accomplished In Any Branch He Wishes, Society Regulates The General Production And Thus Makes It Possible For Me To Do One Thing Today And Another Tomorrow, To Hunt In The Morning, Fish In The Afternoon, Rear Cattle In The Evening, Criticize After Dinner, Just As I Have A Mind, Without Ever Becoming Hunter, Fisherman, Shepherd Or Critic.

When The Sufferers Learn To Think, Then The Thinkers Will Learn To Suffer.

The Rule Of The Bourgeois Democrats [in Pre-federal Germany], From The Very First, Will Carry Within It The Seeds Of Its Own Destruction

So Long As The Product Is Sold, Everything Is Taking Its Regular Course From The Standpoint Of The Capitalist Producer.

In The United States Of North America, Every Independent Movement Of The Workers Was Paralysed So Long As Slavery Disfigured A Part Of The Republic. Labour Cannot Emancipate Itself In The White Skin Where In The Black It Is Branded.

Surplus-value And The Rate Of Surplus-value Are... The Invisible Essence To Be Investigated, Whereas The Rate Of Profit And Hence The Form Of Surplus-value As Profit Are Visible Surface Phenomena

Parliamentary Cretinism: That Peculiar Malady Which Since 1848 Has Raged All Over The Continent, Which Holds Those Infected By It Fast In An Imaginary World And Robs Them Of All Sense, All Memory, All Understanding Of The Rude External World.

A Man Cannot Become A Child Again, Or He Becomes Childish.

All Forms Of The State Have Democracy For Their Truth, And For That Reason Are False To The Extent That They Are Not Democracy

The Directing Motive, The End And Aim Of Capitalist Production, Is To Extract The Greatest Possible Amount Of Surplus Value, And Consequently To Exploit Labor-power To The Greatest Possible Extent.

Those Dogs Of Democrats And Liberal Riff-raff Will See That We're The Only Chaps Who Haven't Been Stultified By The Ghastly Period Of Peace.

Constant Labor Of One Uniform Kind Destroys The Intensity And Flow Of A Man's Animal Spirits, Which Find Recreation And Delight In Mere Change Of Activity.

All Our Inventions Have Endowed Material Forces With Intellectual Life, And Degraded Human Life Into A Material Force.

What The Bourgeoisie Therefore Produces, Above All, Are Its Own Grave-diggers. Its Fall And The Victory Of The Proletariat Are Equally Inevitable.

If We Have Chosen The Position In Life In Which We Can Most Of All Work For Mankind, No Burdens Can Bow Us Down, Because They Are Sacrifices For The Benefit Of All; Then We Shall Experience No Petty, Limited, Selfish Joy, But Our Happiness Will Belong To Millions, Our Deeds Will Live On Quietly But Perpetually At Work, And Over Our Ashes Will Be Shed The Hot Tears Of Noble People.

Social Reforms Are Never Carried Out By The Weakness Of The Strong; But Always By The Strength Of The Weak.

All Social Rules And All Relations Between Individuals Are Eroded By A Cash Economy, Avarice Drags Pluto Himself Out Of The Bowels Of The Earth.

Just As The Savage Must Wrestle With Nature To Satisfy His Wants, To Maintain And Reproduce Life, So Must Civilised Man, And He Must Do So In All Social Formations And Under All Possible Modes Of Production.

Religious Distress Is At The Same Time The Expression Of The Real Distress And Also The Protest Against Real Distress. Religion Is The Sigh Of The Oppressed Creature, The Heart Of A Heartless World, Just As It Is The Spirit Of The Spiritless Condition. It Is The Opium Of The People.

The Policy Of Russia Is Changeless. Its Methods, Its Tactics, Its Maneuvers May Change, But The Polar Star Of Its Policy, World Domination, Is A Fixed Star. About Russia

The More The Division Of Labor And The Application Of Machinery Extend, The More Does Competition Extend Among The Workers, The More Do Their Wages Shrink Together.

Division Of Labor

The Most Violent, Mean And Malignant Passions Of The Human Breast, The Furies Of Private Interest.

From Each According To His Abilities, To Each According To His Needs.

...it Happens That Society Is Saved As Often As The Circle Of Its Ruling Class Is Narrowed, As Often As A More Exclusive Interest Asserts Itself Over The General. Every Demand For The Most Simple Bourgeois Financial Reform, For The Most Ordinary Liberalism, For The Most Commonplace Republicanism, For The Flattest Democracy Is Forthwith Punished As An Assault Upon Society And Is Branded As Socialism.

Owners Of Capital Will Stimulate Working Class To Buy More And More Of Expensive Goods, Houses And Technology, Pushing Them To Take More And More Expensive Credits, Until Their Debt Becomes Unbearable. The Unpaid Debt Will Lead To Bankruptcy Of Banks Which Will Have To Be Nationalized And State Will Have To Take The Road Which Will Eventually Lead To Communism.

In The Bureaucracy, The Identity Of State Interest And Particular Private Aim Is Established In Such A Way That The State Interest Becomes A Particular Private Aim Over Against Other Private Aims.

Reason Has Always Existed, But Not Always In A Reasonable Form.

Communist Manifesto

Although Usury Is Itself A Form Of Credit In Its Bourgeoisified Form, The Form Adapted To Capital , In Its Pre-bourgeois Form It Is Rather The Expression Of The Lack Of Credit .

Usury Lives In The Pores Of Production, As It Were, Just As The Gods Of Epicurus Lived In The Space Between The Worlds.

One Capitalist Always Kills Many.

...the Realm Of Freedom Does Not Commence Until The Point Is Passed Where Labor Under The Compulsion Of Necessity And Of External Utility Is Required.

With Disdain I Will Throw My Gauntlet Full In The Fact Of The World And See The Collapse Of This Pygmy Giant. Then Will I Wander God-like And Victorious Through The Ruins Of The World. And Giving My Words An Active Force, I Will Feel Equal To The Creator.

Religion Is The Sigh Of The Oppressed Creature, The Heart Of A Heartless World, And The Soul Of Soulless Conditions. It Is The Opium Of The People.

The Philosophers Have Only Interpreted The World, In Various Ways: The Point, However, Is To Change It.

In Proportion As The Bourgeoisie, I.e., Capital, Is Developed, In The Same Proportion Is The Proletariat, The Modern Working Class, Developed - A Class Of Labourers, Who Live Only So Long As They Find Work, And Who Find Work Only So Long As Their Labour Increases Capital. These Labourers, Who Must Sell Themselves Piecemeal, Are A Commodity, Like Every Other Article Of Commerce, And Are Consequently Exposed To All The Vicissitudes Of Competition, To All The Fluctuations Of The Market.

In My Free Time I Do Differential And Integral Calculus.

Integral Calculus

We Know That Violent Measures Against Religion Are Nonsense; But This Is An Opinion: As Socialism Grows, Religion Will Disappear. Its Disappearance Must Be Done By Social Development, In Which Education Must Play A Part.

To Be Radical Is To Grasp Things By The Root.

If Anything Is Certain, It Is That I Myself Am Not A Marxist.

Communist Manifesto

Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex.

The Theory Of Communism May Be Summed Up In One Sentence: Abolish All Private Property.

The Communists Have No Need To Introduce Free Love; It Has Existed Almost From Time Immemorial.

Be Aware That The Reward For Labour, And Quantity Of Labour, Are Quite Disparate Things.

Capital Is Money, Capital Is Commodities. By Virtue Of It Being Value, It Has Acquired The Occult Ability To Add Value To Itself. It Brings Forth Living Offspring, Or, At The Least, Lays Golden Eggs.

From The Outset, The Christian Was The Theorizing Jew, The Jew Is Therefore The Practical Christian, And The Practical Christian Has Become A Jew Again.

A Commodity Appears At First Sight An Extremely Obvious, Trivial Thing. But Its Analysis Brings Out That It Is A Very Strange Thing, Abounding In Metaphysical Subtleties And Theological Niceties.

By Means Of The Banking System The Distribution Of Capital As A Special Business, A Social Function, Is Taken Out Of The Hands Of The Private Capitalists And Usurers. But At The Same Time, Banking And Credit Become The Most Effective Means Of Driving Captialist Production Beyond Its Own Limits And One Of The Most Effective Vehicles Of Crises And Swindle.

The Better Shaped His Product, The More Misshapen The Worker.

The Ideas Of The Ruling Class Are In Every Epoch The Ruling Ideas, I.e. The Class Which Is The Ruling Material Force Of Society, Is At The Same Time Its Ruling Intellectual Force. The Class Which Has The Means Of Material Production At Its Disposal, Has Control At The Same Time Over The Means Of Mental Production, So That Thereby, Generally Speaking, The Ideas Of Those Who Lack The Means Of Mental Production Are Subject To It. The Ruling Ideas Are Nothing More Than The Ideal Expression Of The Dominant Material Relationships, The Dominant Material Relationships Grasped As Ideas.

The Production Of Too Many Useful Things Results In Too Many Useless People.

On A Level Plain, Simple Mounds Look Like Hills; And The Insipid Flatness Of Our Present Bourgeoisie Is To Be Measured By The Altitude Of Its Great Intellects.

Capitalist Production, Therefore, Develops Technology, And The Combining Together Of Various Processes Into A Social Whole, Only By Sapping The Original Sources Of All Wealth - The Soil And The Labourer.

If One Wants To Be An Ox One Can Easily Turn One's Back On Hum Suffering And Look After One's Own Skin.

Criticism Has Plucked The Imaginary Flowers On The Chain Not In Order That Man Shall Continue To Bear That Chain Without Fantasy Or Consolation, But So That He Shall Throw Off The Chain And Pluck The Living Flower. The Criticism Of Religion Disillusions Man, So That He Will Think, Act, And Fashion His Reality Like A Man Who Has Discarded His Illusions And Regained His Senses, So That He Will Move Around Himself As His Own True Sun. Religion Is Only The Illusory Sun Which Revolves Around Man As Long As He Does Not Revolve Around Himself.

Communism... Is The Genuine Resolution Of The Antagonism Between Man And Nature And Between Man And Man; It Is The True Resolution Of The Conflict Between Existence And Essence, Objectification And Self-affirmation, Freedom And Necessity, Individual And Species. It Is The Riddle Of History Solved And Knows Itself As The Solution.

These Numerous Points At Which Money Is Withdrawn From Circulation And Accumulated In Numerous Individual Hoards Or Potential Money-capitals Appears As So Many Obstacles To Circulation, Because They Immobilise The Money And Deprive It Of Its Capacity To Circulate For A Certain Time.

The Task Is Not Just To Understand The World But To Change It.

Workers Of The World Unite; You Have Nothing To Lose But Your Chains.

Communist Manifesto

Philosophy Is To Science As Masturbation Is To Sex.

Let The Ruling Classes Tremble At A Communist Revolution. The Proletarians Have Nothing To Lose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win. Workingmen Of All Countries, Unite!

When Commercial Capital Occupies A Position Of Unquestioned Ascendancy, It Everywhere Constitutes A System Of Plunder.

Since Only What Is Material Is Perceptible, Knowable, Nothing Is Known Of The Existence Of God.

Existence Of God

Price, Taken By Itself, Is Nothing But The Monetary Expression Of Value.

Under No Pretext Should Arms And Ammunition Be Surrendered; Any Attempt To Disarm The Workers Must Be Frustrated, By Force If Necessary.

Every Emancipation Is A Restoration Of The Human World And Of Human Relationships To A Man Himself.

Each Piece Of Money Is A Mere Coin, Or Means Of Circulation, Only So Long As It Actually Circulates.

Capitalist Production Does Not Exist At All Without Foreign Commerce.

The Fact That Labour Is External To The Worker, I.e., It Does Not Belong To His Intrinsic Nature; That In His Work, Therefore He Does Not Affirm Himself But Denies Himself, Does Not Feel Content But Unhappy, Does Not Develop Freely His Physical And Mental Energy But Mortifies His Body And His Mind. The Worker Therefore Only Feels Himself Outside His Work, And In His Work Feels Outside Himself.

The Individual Produces An Object And, By Consuming It, Returns To Himself, But Returns As A Productive And Self Reproducing Individual. Consumption Thus Appears As A Moment Of Production.

My Object In Life Is To Dethrone God And Destroy Capitalism.

I Wish To Avenge Myself Against The One Who Rules Above.

Every Beginning Is Difficult, Holds In All Sciences.

Be Careful To Trust A Person Who Does Not Like Wine.

The Unity Of The Bourgeoisie Can Be Shaken Only By The Unity Of The Proletariat.

Is It A Misfortune That Magnificent California Was Seized From The Lazy Mexicans Who Did Not Know What To Do With It.

The Communist Revolution Is The Most Radical Rupture With Traditional Property Relations; No Wonder That Its Development Involves The Most Radical Rupture With Traditional Ideas.

The Working Class Is Revolutionary Or It Is Nothing.

In Every Stockjobbing Swindle Every One Knows That Some Time Or Other The Crash Must Come, But Every One Hopes That It May Fall On The Head Of His Neighbor, After He Himself Has Caught The Shower Of Gold And Placed It In Safety.

The Redeeming Feature Of War Is That It Puts A Nation To The Test. As Exposure To The Atmosphere Reduces All Mummies To Instant Dissolution, So War Passes Supreme Judgment Upon Social Systems That Have Outlived Their Vitality.

It Appears Then, That Capitalist Production Comprises Conditions Independent Of Good Or Bad Will, Conditions Which Permit The Working-class To Enjoy That Relative Prosperity Only Momentarily, And At That Always Only As The Harbinger Of A Coming Crisis.

Revolutions Are The Locomotives Of History.

All Freed, Fast-frozen Relations, With Their Train Of Ancient And Venerable Prejudices And Opinions, Are Swept Away, All New-formed Ones Become Antiquated Before They Can Ossify. All That Is Solid Melts Into Air, All That Is Holy Is Profaned, And Man Is At Last Compelled To Face With Sober Senses, His Real Conditions Of Life, And His Relations With His Kind.

Capital Brings Forth Living Offspring, Or At The Least, Lays The Golden Eggs.

The Bureaucracy Is A Circle From Which One Cannot Escape. Its Hierarchy Is A Hierarchy Of Knowledge. The Top Entrusts The Understanding Of Detail To The Lower Levels, Whilst The Lower Levels Credit The Top With Understanding Of The General, And So All Are Mutually Deceived.

If This Labourer Were In Possession Of His Own Means Of Production, And Was Satisfied To Live As A Labourer, He Need Not Work Beyond Beyond The Time Necessary For The Reproduction Of His Means Of Subsistence, Say 8 Hours A Day.

Democracy Is The Road To Socialism.

No Production Without A Need. But Consumption Reproduces The Need.

The Whole Proletariat Must Be Armed At Once With Muskets, Rifles, Cannon And Ammunition, And The Revival Of The Old-style Citizens Militia, Directed Against The Workers, Must Be Opposed.

The Less You Eat, Drink And Read Books; The Less You Go To The Theatre, The Dance Hall, The Public House; The Less You Think, Love, Theorize, Sing, Paint, Fence, Etc., The More You Save-the Greater Becomes Your Treasure Which Neither Moths Nor Dust Will Devour-your Capital. The Less You Are, The More You Have; The Less You Express Your Own Life, The Greater Is Your Alienated Life-the Greater Is The Store Of Your Estranged Being.

English Law In 1572 Decreed That Beggars Above 14 Years Of Age Are To Be Severely Flogged And Branded On The Left Ear Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; In Case Of A Repetition Of The Offense, If They Are Over 18, They Are To Be Executed, Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; But For The Third Offence They Are To Be Executed Without Mercy As Felons.

So In Jewry We Recognise A Contemporary Universal Anti-social Phenomenon, Which Has Reached Its Present Pitch Through A Process Of, Historical Development In Which The Jews Have Zealously Co-operated. And This Evil Anti-social Aspect Of Jewry Has Grown To A Stage At Which: It Must Necessarily Collapse.

When The Labourer Co-operates Systematically With Others, He Strips Off The Fetters Of His Individuality, And Develops The Capabilities Of His Species.

Hazrat Mahal, Begum Of Oudh, During The National Liberation Uprising Of 1857-59 In India Headed The Rebels.

The Aggregate Capital Appears As The Capital Stock Of All Individual Capitalists Combined. This Joint Stock Company Has In Common With Many Other Stock Companies That Everyone Knows What He Puts In, But Not What He Will Get Out Of It.

While The Miser Is Merely A Capitalist Gone Mad, The Capitalist Is A Rational Miser.

One Of The Most Difficult Tasks Confronting Philosophers Is To Descend From The World Of Thought To The Actual World.

Very Well Then; Emancipation From Usury And Money, That Is, From Practical, Real Judaism, Would Constitute The Emancipation Of Our Time.

There Is No Greater Stupidity Than For People...to Marry And So Surrender Themselves To The Small Miseries Of Domestic And Private Life.

Money Is The Alienated Essence Of Man's Work And Existence; This Essence Dominates Him And He Worships It.

Under The Ideal Measure Of Values There Lurks The Hard Cash.

Social Consciousness

Since Labour Is Motion, Time Is Its Natural Measure.

Every Provisional Political Set-up Following A Revolution Requires A Dictatorship, And An Energetic Dictatorship At That.

Nothing Can Have Value Without Being An Object Of Utility.

Catch A Man A Fish, And You Can Sell It To Him. Teach A Man To Fish, And You Ruin A Wonderful Business Opportunity.

The Discovery Of Gold And Silver In America, The Extirpation, Enslavement And Entombment In Mines Of The Aboriginal Population, The Turning Of Africa Into A Warren For The Commercial Hunting Of Black-skins, Signalised The Rosy Dawn Of The Era Of Capitalist Production.

All Social Life Is Essentially Practical. All Mysterious Which Lead Theory To Mysticism Find Their Rational Solution In Human Practice And In The Comprehension Of The Practice.

Merely Quantitative Differences, Beyond A Certain Point, Pass Into Qualitative Changes.

The Need Of A Constantly Expanding Market For Its Products Chases The Bourgeoisie Over The Entire Surface Of The Globe. It Must Nestle Everywhere, Settle Everywhere, Establish Connections Everywhere. The Bourgeoisie Has, Through Its Exploitation Of The World Market, Given A Cosmopolitan Character To Production And Consumption In Every Country. To The Great Chagrin Of Reactionaries, It Has Drawn From Under The Feet Of Industry The National Ground On Which It Stood.

Men Make Their Own History But Not In Circumstances Of Their Own Choosing.

There Is Something In Human History Like Retribution; And It Is A Rule Of Historical Retribution That Its Instrument Be Forged Not By The Offended, But By The Offender Himself. The First Blow Dealt To The French Monarchy Proceeded From The Nobility, Not From The Peasants. The Indian Revolt Does Not Commence With The Ryots, Tortured, Dishonoured And Stripped Naked By The British, But With The Sepoys, Clad, Fed And Petted, Fatted And Pampered By Them.

The Wealthy Man Is The Man Whois Much, Not The One Who Has Much

Titles Of Property, For Instance Railway Shares, May Change Hands Every Day, And Their Owner May Make A Profit By Their Sale Even In Foreign Countries, So That Titles To Property Are Exportable, Although The Railway Itself Is Not.

This Young Lady, Who Instantly Overwhelmed Me With Her Kindness, Is The Ugliest Creature I Have Seen In My Entire Life, With Repulsive Jewish Facial Features.

The Executive Of The Modern State Is But A Committee For Managing The Common Affairs Of The Whole Bourgeoisie.

So Far No Chemist Has Ever Discovered Exchange-value Either In A Pearl Or A Diamond.

Each Pursues His Private Interest And Only His Private Interest; And Thereby Serves The Private Interests Of All, The General Interest, Without Willing It Or Knowing It. The Real Point Is Not That Each Individual's Pursuit Of His Private Interest Promotes The Totality Of Private Interests, The General Interest. One Could Just As Well Deduce From This Abstract Phrase That Each Individual Reciprocally Blocks The Assertion Of The Others' Interests, So That, Instead Of A General Affirmation, This War Of All Against All Produces A General Negation.

The Product Of Mental Labor - Science - Always Stands Far Below Its Value, Because The Labor-time Necessary To Reproduce It Has No Relation At All To The Labor-time Required For Its Original Production.

The Labour-power Is A Commodity , Not Capital, In The Hands Of The Labourer, And It Constitutes For Him A Revenue So Long As He Can Continuously Repeat Its Sale; It Functions As Capital After Its Sale, In The Hands Of The Capitalist, During The Process Of Production Itself.

A Heavy Or Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax Is Necessary For The Proper Development Of Communism.

Taxes Are The Source Of Life For The Bureaucracy, The Army And The Court, In Short, For The Whole Apparatus Of The Executive Power. Strong Government And Heavy Taxes Are Identical.

Under Private Property, Each Tries To Establish Over The Other An Alien Power, So As Thereby To Find Satisfaction Of His Own Selfish Need. The Increase In The Quantity Of Objects Is Therefore Accompanied By An Extension Of The Realm Of The Alien Powers To Which Man Is Subjected, And Every New Product Represents A New Potentiality Of Mutual Swindling And Mutual Plundering.

As A Beast Of Toil An Ox Is Fixed Capital. If He Is Eaten, He No Longer Functions As An Instrument Of Labour, Nor As Fixed Capital Either.

Hitherto, Every Form Of Society Has Been Based ... On The Antagonism Of Oppressing And Oppressed Classes.

If You Can Cut The People Off From Their History, Then They Can Be Easily Persuaded.

Wages Are Determined By The Bitter Struggle Between Capitalist And Worker.

The Most Interesting Acquaintanceship I Have Struck Up Here Is That Of Colonel Lapinski. He Is Without Doubt The Cleverest Pole - Besides Being An Homme D'action [man Of Action] - That I Have Ever Met. His Sympathies Are All On The German Side, Though In Manners And Speech He Is Also A Frenchman. He Cares Nothing For The Struggle Of Nationalities And Only Knows The Racial Struggle. He Hates All Orientals, Among Whom He Numbers Russians Turks, Greeks, Armenians, Etc., With Equal Impartiality.... His Aim Now Is To Raise A German Legion In London.

Private Property Has Made Us So Stupid And One-sided That An Object Is Only Ours When We Have It

Nothing Is Easier Than To Give Christian Asceticism A Socialist Tinge.

It Is Not The Consciousness Of Men That Determines Their Being, But, On The Contrary, Their Social Being That Determines Their Consciousness.

Communist Manifesto

Life Is Not Determined By Consciousness, But Consciousness By Life.

Labor In The White Skin Can Never Free Itself As Long As Labor In The Black Skin Is Branded.

Mankind Always Sets Itself Only Such Tasks As It Can Solve; Since, Looking At The Matter More Closely, We Will Always Find That The Task Itself Arises Only When The Material Conditions Necessary For Its Solution Already Exist Or Are At Least In The Process Of Formation.

To Destroy Christianity, We Must First Destroy The British Empire.

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