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When We Deal With Cities We Are Dealing With Life At Its Most Complex And Intense. Because This Is So, There Is A Basic Esthetic Limitation On What Can Be Done With Cities: A City Cannot Be A Work Of Art.

-Jane Jacobs

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When We Deal With

Jane Jacobs

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When We Deal With Cities We Are Dealing With Life At Its Most Complex And Intense. Because This Is So, There Is A Basic Esthetic Limitation On What Can Be Done With Cities: A City Cannot Be A Work Of Art.

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Redundancy Is Expensive But Indispensable.

Reformers Have Long Observed City People Loitering On Busy Corners, Hanging Around In Candy Stores And Bars And Drinking Soda Popon Stoops, And Have Passed A Judgment, The Gist Of Which Is: "this Is Deplorable! If These People Had Decent Homes And A More Private Or Bosky Outdoor Place, They Wouldn't Be On The Street!" That Judgment Represents A Profound Misunderstanding Of Cities. It Makes No More Sense Than To Drop In At A Testimonial Banquet In A Hotel And Conclude That If These People Had Wives Who Could Cook, They Would Give Their Parties At Home.

Being Human Is Itself Difficult, And Therefore All Kinds Of Settlements (except Dream Cities) Have Problems. Big Cities Have Difficulties In Abundance, Because They Have People In Abundance.

Modernism Really Started With People Getting Infatuated With The Idea Of "it's The Twentieth Century, Is This Suitable For The Twentieth Century." This Happened Before The First World War And It Wasn't Just The Soldiers. You Can See It Happening If You Read The Bloomsbury Biographies. It Was A Reaction To A Great Extent Against Victorianism. There Was So Much That Was Repressive And Stuffy. Victorian Buildings Were Associated With It, And They Were Regarded As Very Ugly. Even When They Weren't Ugly, People Made Them Ugly. They Were Painted Hideously.

Maybe Part Of My Animus Against The English Is The Way They Have Always Treated The Irish And They Way They Still Think About The Irish.

To Science, Not Even The Bark Of A Tree Or A Drop Of Pond Water Is Dull Or A Handful Of Dirt Banal. They All Arouse Awe And Wonder.

In Our American Cities, We Need All Kinds Of Diversity.

Detroit Is Largely Composed, Today, Of Seemingly Endless Square Miles Of Low-density Failure.

I Have Been Dwelling Upon Downtowns. This Is Not Because Mixtures Of Primary Uses Are Unneeded Elsewhere In Cities. On The Contrary They Are Needed, And The Success Of Mixtures Downtown (on In The Most Intensive Portions Of Cities, Whatever They Are Called) Is Related To The Mixture Possible In Other Part Of Cities.

Old Ideas Can Sometimes Use New Buildings. New Ideas Must Use Old Buildings.

Artists, Whatever Their Medium, Make Selections From The Abounding Materials Of Life, And Organize These Selections Into Works That Are Under The Control Of The Artist.... In Relation To The Inclusiveness And Literally Endless Intricacy Of Life, Art Is Arbitrary, Symbolic And Abstracted. That Is Its Value And The Source Of Its Own Kind Of Order And Coherence.

One Of Our Troubles Is That We Try To Make Municipalities That Are Totally Different From Each Other All Act As If They Were The Same Kind Of Creature, With The Same Kinds Of Possibilities.

My Mother Used To Say When We Were Children, 'when A Boy Gets A Stick In His Hand, His Brains Run Out The Other End Of It.' Power Is A Stick In The Hand, And I Have Never Heard Of Anybody Who Wielded A Very Big Stick Of Power Whose Brains Did Not Run Out The Other End. As A Nation, Our Brains Are Running Out The Other End Of Our Power Right Now.

Let's See In Those Indictments You Can't Level At Sweden, They Never Tried To Ban The Constitution Or Undermine The Settlement That They Wanted. Well You Can't Say That Of Canada. Any Indication Of Revolt On The Part Of Quebec Was Either Bought Off, With A Good Deal Of Corruption.

The Japanese Are Virtuosos. They Make Just The Little Accent That Makes All The Difference. So Much There Is So Beautiful - Just A Shop Window Display Is A Work Of Art. Just The Way They Make All Kinds Of Things Out Of Bamboo That Are So Ingenious. Just The Way This Little Bamboo Drain Or Latch Is So Beautiful. The Masonry Around The Streams To Hold The Bank Are Beautiful - And Not All One Kind And Not Just Cement.

Cities Never Flourish Alone. They Have To Be Trading With Other Cities.

I Think It Is Fatal To Specialize. And All Kinds Of Things Show Us That And That The More Diverse We Are In What We Can Do, The Better.

Dull, Inert Cities, It Is True, Do Contain The Seeds Of Their Own Destruction And Little Else. But Lively, Diverse, Intense Cities Contain The Seeds Of Their Own Regeneration, With Energy Enough To Carry Over For Problems And Needs Outside Themselves.

It May Be That We Have Become So Feckless As A People That We No Longer Care How Things Work But Only The Kind Of Quick, Easy Outer Impression That They Get.

I Don't Think That You Can Dispose Of The Constructive And Inventive Things That America Is Doing - And Say, "oh We Aren't Doing Anything Anymore And We Are Living Off Of What The Poor Chinese Do." It Is More Complicated Than That. There Is The Example Of Detroit Which Was Once A Very Prosperous And Diverse City. And Look What Happened When It Just Specialized On Automobiles. Look At Manchester When It Specialized In Those Dark Satanic Mills, When It Specialized In Textiles. It Was Supposed To Be The City Of The Future.

Designing A Dream City Is Easy; Rebuilding A Living One Takes Imagination.

I Basically Don't Think That The Way We Do Things Is That Dependent On One Resource, Such As Oil. There Can Be Different Kinds Of Engines For Cars. I Think That Solar Heating, Wind Heating Can Substitute For A Lot Of Uses For Oil. I'd Like To See Those Things Happen Because They Are More Sustainable In Any Case. But I Do Not Think That Running Out Of Oil Is Not Going To Bother Us That Much. I Think We Have Got To Be Rescued By Something Or We Really Are Going Down A Slippery Slope.

I Am Not Any Hate-america Person. I Really Came Here For Positive Reasons.

The Primary Conflict, I Think, Is Between People Whose Interests Are With Already Well-established Economic Activities, And Those Whose Interests Are With The Emergence Of New Economic Activities.

Cities Need Old Buildings So Badly It Is Probably Impossible For Vigorous Streets And Districts To Grow Without Them.... For Really New Ideas Of Any Kind--no Matter How Ultimately Profitable Or Otherwise Successful Some Of Them Might Prove To Be--there Is No Leeway For Such Chancy Trial, Error And Experimentation In The High-overhead Economy Of New Construction. Old Ideas Can Sometimes Use New Buildings. New Ideas Must Use Old Buildings.

I Don't Think Of The New Urbanism As An Economic Or Political Train Wreck. I Think Of It As One Of These Great Generational Upheavals That's Coming.

I Was So Grateful To Be Independent Of The Academic Establishment. I Thought, How Awful It Would Be To Have My Future Hinge On Such People And Such Decisions.

I Get Absolutely Ruthless In My Own Way About Not Doing Anything Else When I Am Trying To Concentrate On Writing A Book. I Have To Stick To It And Concentrate.

There Is A Quality Even Meaner Than Outright Ugliness Or Disorder, And This Meaner Quality Is The Dishonest Mask Of Pretended Order, Achieved By Ignoring Or Suppressing The Real Order That Is Struggling To Exist And To Be Served.

A Border--the Perimeter Of A Single Massive Or Stretched-out Use Of Territory--forms The Edge Of An Area Of 'ordinary' City. Often Borders Are Thought Of As Passive Objects, Or Matter-of-factly Just As Edges. However, A Border Exerts An Active Influence.

Streets And Their Sidewalks-the Main Public Places Of A City-are Its Most Vital Organs.

Traffic Congestion Is Caused By Vehicles, Not By People In Themselves.

While You Are Looking, You Might As Well Also Listen, Linger And Think About What You See.

...frequent Streets And Short Blocks Are Valuable Because Of The Fabric Of Intricate Cross-use That They Permit Among The Users Of A City Neighbouhood.

There Were Lots Of Programs Over The Course Of The Two Referendums And The General Tenor Of Them Was That If Quebec Were To Separate, Then Canada Would Disintegrate.

The Entrepreneurial Investors Of The Time Just Want To Repeat Themselves Indefinitely And Don't Know When To Stop. You Can't Do That. And So Finally The Housing Boom, Or The Auto Boom, Or Whatever It Is That's Been Carrying Things Along, Runs Out Of Customers.

Entrepreneurial

We Expect Too Much Of New #‎ Buildings , And Too Little Of Ourselves.

Credentialing, Not Education, Has Become The Primary Business Of North American Universities.

American Universities

To Approach A City, Or Even A City Neighborhood, As If It Were A Larger Architectural Problem, Capable Of Being Given Order By Converting It Into A Disciplined Work Of Art, Is To Make The Mistake Of Attempting To Substitute Art For Life. The Results Of Such Profound Confusion Between Art And Life Are Neither Life Nor Art. They Are Taxidermy.

The Victorian House And Lots Of Other Buildings Weren't Oppressive In Themselves. They Were Often Very Airy And Gingerbready And Fancy. But They Were Associated With All This [victorian] Stuffiness.

Advanced Cultures Are Usually Sophisticated Enough, Or Have Been Sophisticated Enough At Some Point In Their Pasts, To Realize That Foxes Shouldn't Be Relied On To Guard Henhouses.

Privately Run Jails Are A Mark Of American "reinvented Government" That Has Been Picked Up By Neoconcervatives In Canada.

I Still Have A Lot Of Family In America. I Still Have A Lot Of Friends There. There Is A Lot That I Admire There Very Much. When I Find America Getting Too Much Criticized Outside America, I Want To Tell Them How Many Things Are Good About It.

[cities] Are Not Like Suburbs, Only Denser. They Differ From Towns And Suburbs In Basic Ways, And One Of These Is That Cities Are, By Definition, Full Of Strangers.

New Ideas Must Use Old Buildings

While Politicians, Clergy, Creators Of Advertisements, And Other Worthies Assert Stoutly That The Family Is The Foundation Of Society, The Nuclear Family, As An Institution, Is Currently In Grave Trouble.

Nuclear Families

Sentimentality About Nature Denatures Everything It Touches.

To Seek "causes" Of Poverty In This Way Is To Enter An Intellectual Dead End Because Poverty Has No Causes. Only Prosperity Has Causes.

You Can't Rely On Bringing People Downtown, You Have To Put Them There.

Writing, Printing, And The Internet Give A False Sense Of Security About The Permanence Of Culture.

Cities Are An Immense Laboratory Of Trial And Error, Failure And Success, In City Building And City Design.

Never Underestimate The Power Of A City To Regenerate.

Never Underestimate

When We Deal With Cities We Are Dealing With Life At Its Most Complex And Intense. Because This Is So, There Is A Basic Esthetic Limitation On What Can Be Done With Cities: A City Cannot Be A Work Of Art.

Subsidiarity Is The Principle That Government Works Best Most Responsibly And Responsively When It Is Closest To The People It Serves And The Needs It Addresses. Fiscal Accountability Is The Principle That Institutions Collecting And Disbursing Taxes Work Most Responsibly When They Are Transparent To Those Providing The Money.

You Don't Get New Products And Services Out Of Sameness.

The Salient Mystery Of Dark Ages Sets The Stage For Mass Amnesia. People Living In Vigorous Cultures Typically Treasure Those Cultures And Resist Any Threat To Them. How And Why Can A People So Totally Discard A Formerly Vital Culture That It Becomes Vitally Lost?

All My Life I Have Been Hearing That The Oil Was Going To Run Out. It Never Happens. They Keep Discovering New Oil Fields. The World Is Apparently Floating In Oil Fields.

People Must Take A Modicum Of Public Responsibility For Each Other Even If They Have No Ties To Each Other.

City Diversity Represents Accident And Chaos.

Today Barbarism Has Taken Over Many City Streets, Or People Fear It Has, Which Comes To Much The Same Thing In The End.

Empires Want [cities] Only To Trade With The Empire, Which Doesn't Help Them At All. It's Just A Way Of Exploiting Them.

[ René Lévesque] Didn't Understand Why Things Do Collapse. It's Usually A Very Banal Reason Why Things Do Collapse. It's Not A Grand Reason, Why They Collapse Economically, At Least In The West.

New Ideas Often Need Old Buildings.

Poverty Has No Causes. Only Prosperity Has Causes. Analogically, Heat Is A Result Of Active Processes; It Has Causes. But Cold Is Not The Result Of Any Processes; It Is Only The Absence Of Heat. Just So, The Great Cold Of Poverty And Economic Stagnation Is Merely The Absence Of Economic Development.

I Am Ambivalent About London Because I Am So Ambivalent About England In General.

Whenever And Wherever Societies Have Flourished And Prospered Rather Than Stagnated And Decayed, Creative And Workable Cities Have Been At The Core Of The Phenomenon. Decaying Cities, Declining Economies, And Mounting Social Troubles Travel Together. The Combination Is Not Coincidental.

We've Got A [canadian] Prime Minister Who Seems To Be Intent On Destroying Our Health System And Education System. But I Have Gotten A Thicker Skin. I Can Get Angry About These Things Without Feeling Like Vomiting, If You Know What I Mean.

It Is Immoral For Powerless People To Accept This Powerlessness. They May Not Succeed In Getting Power But They Can Fight For It, And If Enough Fight For It, It Makes It Very Difficult For The People With The Big Sticks.

When We Deal With Cities We Are Dealing With Life At Its Most Complex And Intense. Planners Are Guided By Principles Derived From The Behaviour And Appearance Of Suburbs, Tuberculosis Sanatoria, Fairs And Imaginary Dream Cities - From Anything But Cities Themselves.

In Trading With Each Other Cities Can't Be In Too Different Stages Of Development, And They Can't Copy One Another. Backward Cities, Or Younger Cities, Or Newly Forming Cities In Supply Regions, Have To Develop To A Great Extent On One Another's Shoulders. This Is One Of The Terrible Things About Empires. Empires Want Them Only To Trade With The Empire, Which Doesn't Help Them At All. It's Just A Way Of Exploiting Them.

Erosion Of Cities Or Attrition Of Automobiles?

You Can Neither Lie To A Neighbourhood Park, Nor Reason With It. 'artist's Conceptions' And Persuasive Renderings Can Put Pictures Of Life Into Proposed Neighbourhood Parks Or Park Malls, And Verbal Rationalizations Can Conjure Up Users Who Ought To Appreciate Them, But In Real Life Only Diverse Surroundings Have The Practical Power Of Inducing A Natural, Continuing Flow Of Life And Use.

There Is No New World That You Make Without The Old World.

Throughout The World Dark Ages Have Scrawled Finis To Successions Of Cultures Receding Far Into The Past.

Neighborhood Is A Word That Has Come To Sound Like A Valentine. As A Sentimental Concept, 'neighborhood' Is Harmful To City Planning. It Leads To Attempts At Warping City Life Into Imitations Of Town Or Suburban Life. Sentimentality Plays With Sweet Intentions In Place Of Good Sense.

Cities Have The Capability Of Providing Something For Everybody, Only Because, And Only When, They Are Created By Everybody.

In Wretched Outcomes, The Devil Is In The Details.

Observation Of Realities Has Never, To Put It Mildly, Been One Of The Strengths Of Economic Development Theory.

People Who Think Of Themselves As Exiles, I Find, Can Never Really Put Their Lives Together, Really.

Americans Don't Really Think That Other Places Are As Real As America.

The Notion - And I Tell You This One Even Worries Me That It Extends Into New Urbanism - The Notion Of The Shopping Center [as] A Valid Kind Of Downtown. That's Taken Over. It's Very Hard For Architects Of This Generation Even To Think In Terms Of A Downtown Or A Center That Is Owned By All Different People, With Different Ideas.

People Who Try To Predict The Future By Extrapolating In A Line Of More Of What Exists - They Are Always Wrong.

Virtually All Ideologues, Of Any Variety, Are Fearful And Insecure, Which Is Why They Are Drawn To Ideologies That Promise Prefabricated Answers For All Circumstances.

The Best Thing Is Not To Think About [separatism]. [people In Alberta] Don't Even Want To Engage In Talking Pros And Cons And Why People Feel This Way.

There Is No Logic That Can Be Superimposed On The City; People Make It, And It Is To Them, Not Buildings, That We Must Fit Our Plans.

Cities Never Flourish Alone. They Have To Be Trading With Other Cities. My New Hypothesis Shows Why. But Also In Trading With Each Other They Can't Be In Too Different Stages Of Development, And They Can't Copy One Another.

What If We Fail To Stop The Erosion Of Cities By Automobiles? ... In That Case America Will Hardly Need To Ponder A Mystery That Has Troubled Men For Millennia. What Is The Purpose Of Life? For Us, The Answer Will Be Clear, Established And For All Practical Purposes Indisputable. The Purpose Of Life Is To Produce And Consume Automobiles.

My Husband Was A Hospital Architect And He Was Working On Some Hospitals In Alberta, And I Told Him To Try To Find Out What They Thought About Separatism. He Would Come Back On Weekends. He Said "well, I Think I Found Out How They Feel About Separatism. I Brought It Up At Lunch In The Cafeteria, And Everybody At The Table Was Silent And Then Somebody Said 'let's Change The Subject'."

But Look What We Have Built Low-income Projects That Become Worse Centers Of Delinquency, Vandalism And General Social Hopelessness Than The Slums They Were Supposed To Replace. Cultural Centers That Are Unable To Support A Good Bookstore. Civic Centers That Are Avoided By Everyone But Bums. Promenades That Go From No Place To Nowhere And Have No Promenaders. Expressways That Eviscerate Great Cities. This Is Not The Rebuilding Of Cities. This Is The Sacking Of Cities.

There Are Fashions In Building. Behind The Fashions Lie Economic And Technological Reasons, And These Fashions Exclude All But A Few Genuinely Different Possibilities In City Dwelling Construction At Any One Time.

Americans Have Got It So Dinged Into Them That They Are The Most Fortunate People On Earth, And That The Rest Of The World - The Sooner It Copies What America Is Like, The Better.

I Think That Things Are Going To Change Just Because People Get Too Damn Bored With What They Have.

It May Be That We Have Become So Feckless As A People That We No Longer Care How Things Do Work, But Only What Kind Of Quick, Easy Outer Impression They Give. If So, There Is Little Hope For Our Cities Or Probably For Much Else In Our Society. But I Do Not Think This Is So.

By Its Nature, The Metropolis Provides What Otherwise Could Be Given Only By Traveling; Namely, The Strange.

The Second Mode To Deal With Unsafe Cities Is To Take Refuge In Vehicles. This Is The Technique Practiced In The Big Wild-animal Reservations Of Africa, Where Tourists Are Warned To Leave Their Cars Under No Circumstances Until They Reach A Lodge. It Is Also The Technique Practiced In Los Angeles.

Automobiles Are Often Conveniently Tagged As The Villains Responsible For The Ills Of Cities And The Disappointments And Futilities Of City Planning. But The Destructive Effect Of Automobiles Are Much Less A Cause Than A Symptom Of Our Incompetence At City Building.

The Best Part Of A Reg Hartt Presentation Is What He Has To Say.

Everybody's Got A Worldview, Whether They Know They Have It Or They Don't. They Might Even Get It When They Are Little Tiny Kids. Suppose They Get It When They Are In College, Which Is Often The Case, Or In High School, Whatever. Everything They Learn After That Or Every Thing They See After That, They Fit It Into That Worldview. And They Are Making Coherence Of What's Good, What's Bad, What Will Work, What Won't Work, What's Noble, What's Ignoble, And So On... All Through This Filter.

But Look What We Have Built ... This Is Not The Rebuilding Of Cities. This Is The Sacking Of Cities.

The More Successfully A City Mingles Everyday Diversity Of Uses And Users In Its Everyday Streets, The More Successfully, Casually (and Economically) Its People Thereby Enliven And Support Well-located Parks That Can Thus Give Back Grace And Delight To Their Neighborhoods Instead Of Vacuity.

This Is What A City Is, Bits And Pieces That Supplement Each Other And Support Each Other.

The Point Of Cities Is Multiplicity Of Choice.

There Are Two Ways You Encounter Things In The World That Are Different. One Is Everything That Comes In Reinforces What You Already Believe And Everything That You Know. The Other Thing Is That You Stay Flexible Enough Or Curious Enough And Maybe Unsure Of Yourself Enough, Or May Be You Are More Sure Of Yourself - I Don't Know Which It Is - That The New Things That Come In Keep Reforming Your World View.

The Ballet Of The Good City Sidewalk Never Repeats Itself From Place To Place, And In Any One Place Is Always Replete With New Improvisations.

Some Men Tend To Cling To Old Intellectual Excitements, Just As Some Belles, When They Are Old Ladies, Still Cling To The Fashions And Coiffures Of Their Exciting Youth.

Beneficent Spirals, Operating By Benign Feedback, Mean That Everything Needful Is Not Required At Once: Each Individual Improvement Is Beneficial For The Whole

Unity, Like So Many Good Things, Is Good Only In Moderation.

Some Of The Large [municipalities] In Quebec Can Contain Within Them Most Of The Answers To Their Own Practical Problems. And So Lots Of Different Possibilities For Doing Things In A Practical And Different Way Become Available.

Almost Nobody Travels Willingly From Sameness To Sameness And Repetition To Repetition, Even If The Physical Effort Required Is Trivial.

I Think That Intelligent People To A Great Extent Are Captives Of Their Time Or Place.

Expanding The Toronto Island Airport Will Undermine The Downtown's Economy And Liveability And Intensify Pollution And Smog From Oshawa To Oakville. I Urge Torontonians To Close Down This Dangerous Trojan Horse And Get On With Planning Constructive And Delightful Ways Of Using Our Magnificent Lakeside Assets.

It Is Hopeless To Try To Convert Some Borders Into Seams.

Power Is Supposed To Be So Corrupt. I Don't Think It's So Much Corrupt, In The Usual Sense Of The Word, As Stupid And Unrealistic. The More Power A Person Has, The Further He Gets From Reality.

The First Fundamental Of Successful City Life: People Must Take A Modicum Of Responsibility For Each Other Even If They Have No Ties To Each Other. This Is A Lesson No One Learns By Being Told. It Is Learned From The Experience Of Having Other People Without Ties Of Kinship Or Close Friendship Or Formal Responsibility To You Take A Modicum Of Responsibility For You.

Does Anyone Suppose That, In Real Life, Answers To Any Of The Great Questions That Worry Us Today Are Going To Come Out Of Homogeneous Settlements?

The Notion That You Could Discard The Old World And Now Make A New One. This Is What Was So Bad About Modernism.

By The End Of The Book, It Is Quite Different Than The Way You Thought It Would Be When You Started The Book - Both In Form And What It Contains And What You Think. Well, You Tipped In A Lot And You Digested A Lot - It Wasn't Pre-digested In Your View. And It Changed What You Thought And How You See Things.

This Is Something Everyone Knows: A Well-used City Street Is Apt To Be A Safe Street. A Deserted City Street Is Apt To Be Unsafe.

I Think That Part Of The Growing Popularity Of The New Urbanism Is Not Simply Because It Is So Rational, And Not Simply Because People Care So Much About Community Or Even Understand It, Or The Relation Of Sprawl To The Ruination Of The Natural World. But They Just Don't Like What Is Around. And They Will Be Ruthless With It.

Why Did I Become A Canadian Citizen? Not Because I Was Rejecting Being A U.s. Citizen. At The Time When I Became A Canadian Citizen, You Couldn't Be A Dual Citizen. Now You Can. So I Had To Be One Or The Other. But The Reason I Became A Canadian Citizen Was Because It Simply Seemed So Abnormal To Me Not To Be Able To Vote.

Intricate Minglings Of Different Uses In Cities Are Not A Form Of Chaos. On The Contrary, They Represent A Complex And Highly Developed Form Of Order.

There Are Dangers In Sentimentalizing Nature. Most Sentimental Ideas Imply, At Bottom, A Deep If Unacknowledged Disrespect. It Is No Accident That We Americans, Probably The World's Champion Sentimentalizers About Nature, Are At One And The Same Time Probably The World's Most Voracious And Disrespectful Destroyers Of Wild And Rural Countryside.

Not Tv Or Illegal Drugs But The Automobile Has Been The Chief Destroyer Of American Communities.

In Small Settlements Everyone Knows Your Affairs. In The City Everyone Does Not-only Those You Choose To Tell Will Know About You. This Is One Of The Attributes Of Cities That Is Precious To Most City People.

There Are Still An Awful Lot Of Intelligent, Clever Constructive Americans And They Are Still Doing Clever Constructive Things.

A Region Is An Area Safely Larger Than The Last One To Whose Problems We Found No Solution.

As In The Pseudoscience Of Bloodletting, Just So In The Pseudoscience Of City Rebuilding And Planning, Years Of Learning And A Plethora Of Subtle And Complicated Dogma Have Arisen On A Foundation Of Nonsense.

Unfortunately [rené] Lévesque Had So Little Self Confidence In Quebec And In The People Themselves, That He Fell For That And, Yes, He'd Say, You Know, It Might Be Ruinous For Us Economically.

Self Confidence

One Wonders At The Docility Of The Students Who Evidently Must Be Satisfied Enough With The Credentials To Be Uncaring About The Lack Of Education.

(the Psuedoscience Of Planning Seems Almost Neurotic In Its Determination To Imitate Empiric Failure And Ignore Empiric Success.)

Lowly, Unpurposeful And Random As They May Appear, Sidewalk Contacts Are The Small Change From Which A City's Wealth Of Public Life May Grow.

I Think That May Be The Biggest Difference Between Americans And People Elsewhere. Unlike Americans, Canadians Know That There Are Places Just As Real As Canada. It's A Self-centeredness That's A Very Strange Thing.

All Through Organized History, If You Wanted Prosperity You Had To Have Cities. Cities Are Places That Attract New People With New Ideas.

[if Quebec Became Sovereign] There Would Be One Level Of Government That Would Be Missing, One Less Level Of Government. The Municipality Would Become The Second Level.

The Trouble With Paternalists Is That They Want To Make Impossibly Profound Changes, And They Choose Impossibly Superficial Means For Doing So.

Nations Are Political And Military Entities, And So Are Blocs Of Nations. But It Doesn't Necessarily Follow From This That They Are Also The Basic, Salient Entities Of Economic Life Or That They Are Particularly Useful For Probing The Mysteries Of Economic Structure, The Reasons For Rise And Decline Of Wealth. Indeed, The Failure Of National Governments And Blocs Of Nations To Force Economic Life To Do Their Bidding Suggests Some Sort Of Essential Irrelevance.

I Have Learned Yet Again (this Has Been Going On All My Life) What Folly It Is To Take Any Thing For Granted Without Examining It Skeptically.

Reactions [on My 1979 Massey Lectures] Were From Anglophones. I'm One. But I'm Terrible At French. In Fact, There Was Practically No Reaction.

Backward Cities, Or Younger Cities, Or Newly Forming Cities In Supply Regions, Have To Develop To A Great Extent On One Another's Shoulders. This Is One Of The Terrible Things About Empires.

Lots Of Things Are Not Possible For Municipalities, Suburbs, Or Collections Of Them Now. They Are Not Possible And They Would Become Possible, Because They Would Have More Authority. They Would Have The Same Authority As A Province Now.

Everyone Is Aware That Tremendous Numbers Of People Concentrate In City Downtowns And That, If They Did Not, There Would Be No Downtown To Amount To Anything--certainly Not One With Much Downtown Diversity.

Just The Way In Europe, Paris, Copenhagen, And Stockholm, And Frankfurt, Possibly And Berlin, Certainly, All Had Important Roles, Because Of Independence. Because They Were Depending On Themselves.

Innovating Economies Expand And Develop. Economies That Do Not Add New Kinds Of Goods And Services, But Continue Only To Repeat Old Work, Do Not Expand Much Nor Do They, By Definition, Develop.

Neighborhoods Built Up All At Once Change Little Physically Over The Years As A Rule...[residents] Regret That The Neighborhood Has Changed. Yet The Fact Is, Physically It Has Changed Remarkably Little. People's Feelings About It, Rather, Have Changed. The Neighborhood Shows A Strange Inability To Update Itself, Enliven Itself, Repair Itself, Or To Be Sought After, Out Of Choice, By A New Generation. It Is Dead. Actually It Was Dead From Birth, But Nobody Noticed This Much Until The Corpse Began To Smell.

That Was The Fear That There Would Be No Identity Anymore, For Canada. It Was Foolish, Because There Are So Many Examples Of Separatism, And Nothing Has Disintegrated, Unless They Went To War.

It May Be Romantic To Search For The Salves Of Society's Ills In Slow-moving Rustic Surroundings, Or Among Innocent, Unspoiled Provincials, If Such Exist, But It Is A Waste Of Time.

That The Sight Of People Attracts Still Other People, Is Something That City Planners And City Architectural Designers Seem To Find Incomprehensible. They Operate On The Premise That City People Seek The Sight Of Emptiness, Obvious Order And Quiet. Nothing Could Be Less True. The Presences Of Great Numbers Of People Gathered Together In Cities Should Not Only Be Frankly Accepted As A Physical Fact... They Should Also Be Enjoyed As An Asset And Their Presence Celebrated.

Nothing Is So Clear In History That Is It Happens For Any One Thing. It Seems That A Lot Of Things Come Together To Make Great Changes.

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