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What The Working Man Sells Is Not Directly His Labor, But His Laboring Power, The Temporary Disposal Of Which He Makes Over To The Capitalist. This Is So Much The Case That I Do Not Know Whether By The English Law, But Certainly By Some Continental Laws, The Maximum Time Is Fixed For Which A Man Is Allowed To Sell His Laboring Power. If Allowed To Do So For Any Indefinite Period Whatever, Slavery Would Be Immediately Restored. Such A Sale, If It Comprised His Lifetime, For Example, Would Make Him At Once The Lifelong Slave Of His Employer.

-Karl Marx

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What The Working Man

Karl Marx

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What The Working Man Sells Is Not Directly His Labor, But His Laboring Power, The Temporary Disposal Of Which He Makes Over To The Capitalist. This Is So Much The Case That I Do Not Know Whether By The English Law, But Certainly By Some Continental Laws, The Maximum Time Is Fixed For Which A Man Is Allowed To Sell His Laboring Power. If Allowed To Do So For Any Indefinite Period Whatever, Slavery Would Be Immediately Restored. Such A Sale, If It Comprised His Lifetime, For Example, Would Make Him At Once The Lifelong Slave Of His Employer.

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The First Requisite For The Happiness Of The People Is The Abolition Of Religion.

In Communist Society, Where Nobody Has One Exclusive Sphere Of Activity But Each Can Become Accomplished In Any Branch He Wishes, Society Regulates The General Production And Thus Makes It Possible For Me To Do One Thing Today And Another Tomorrow, To Hunt In The Morning, Fish In The Afternoon, Rear Cattle In The Evening, Criticize After Dinner, Just As I Have A Mind, Without Ever Becoming Hunter, Fisherman, Shepherd Or Critic.

Revolutions Are The Locomotives Of History.

As In Private Life One Differentiates Between What A Man Thinks And Says Of Himself And What He Really Is And Does, So In Historical Struggles One Must Still More Distinguish The Language And The Imaginary Aspirations Of Parties From Their Real Organism And Their Real Interests, Their Conception Of Themselves From Their Reality.

In A Higher Phase Of Communist Society... Only Then Can The Narrow Horizon Of Bourgeois Right Be Fully Left Behind And Society Inscribe On Its Banners: From Each According To His Ability, To Each According To His Needs.

Division Of Labor

The Task Is Not Just To Understand The World But To Change It.

But, You Will Say, We Destroy The Most Hallowed Of Relations, When We Replace Home Education By Social.... The Communists Have Not Invented The Intervention Of Society In Education; They Do But Seek To Alter The Character Of That Intervention, And To Rescue Education From The Influence Of The Ruling Class.

Keep People From Their History, And They Are Easily Controlled.

An Organised System Of Machines, To Which Motion Is Communicated By The Transmitting Mechanism From A Central Automation, Is The Most Developed Form Of Production By Machinery.

The Unity Of The Bourgeoisie Can Be Shaken Only By The Unity Of The Proletariat.

Political Economy Regards The Proletarian Like A Horse, He Must Receive Enough To Enable Him To Work. It Does Not Consider Him, During The Time When He Is Not Working, As A Human Being. It Leaves This To Criminal Law, Doctors, Religion, Statistical Tables, Politics, And The Beadle.

In Proportion As The Bourgeoisie, I.e., Capital, Is Developed, In The Same Proportion Is The Proletariat, The Modern Working Class, Developed - A Class Of Labourers, Who Live Only So Long As They Find Work, And Who Find Work Only So Long As Their Labour Increases Capital. These Labourers, Who Must Sell Themselves Piecemeal, Are A Commodity, Like Every Other Article Of Commerce, And Are Consequently Exposed To All The Vicissitudes Of Competition, To All The Fluctuations Of The Market.

The Essence Of The Free Press Is The Reliable, Reasonable And Moral Nature Of Freedom.

Society Does Not Consist Of Individuals But Expresses The Sum Of Interrelations, The Relations Within Which These Individuals Stand.

Medicine Heals Doubts As Well As Diseases.

Those Dogs Of Democrats And Liberal Riff-raff Will See That We're The Only Chaps Who Haven't Been Stultified By The Ghastly Period Of Peace.

History Repeats Itself, The First As Tragedy, Then As Farce.

Man Makes Religion, Religion Does Not Make Man

Criticism Of Religion

The Proletarians Have Nothing To Loose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win.

Nothing Is More Tedious Than The Dreaming Platitude.

Surplus-value And The Rate Of Surplus-value Are... The Invisible Essence To Be Investigated, Whereas The Rate Of Profit And Hence The Form Of Surplus-value As Profit Are Visible Surface Phenomena

Men Make Their Own History But Not In Circumstances Of Their Own Choosing.

We Will Hang The Capitalists With The Rope That They Sell Us.

My Object In Life Is To Dethrone God And Destroy Capitalism.

Only In Community With Others Has Each Individual The Means Of Cultivating His Gifts In All Directions; Only In The Community, Therefore, Is Personal Freedom Possible.

A Spider Conducts Operations That Resemble Those Of A Weaver, And A Bee Puts To Shame Many An Architect In The Construction Of Her Cells. But What Distinguishes The Worst Architect From The Best Of Bees Is This, That The Architect Raises His Structure In Imagination Before He Erects It In Reality.

Capital Brings Forth Living Offspring, Or At The Least, Lays The Golden Eggs.

English Law In 1572 Decreed That Beggars Above 14 Years Of Age Are To Be Severely Flogged And Branded On The Left Ear Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; In Case Of A Repetition Of The Offense, If They Are Over 18, They Are To Be Executed, Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; But For The Third Offence They Are To Be Executed Without Mercy As Felons.

A Great Deal Of Capital, Which Appears To-day In The United States Without Any Certificate Of Birth, Was Yesterday, In England, The Capitalised Blood Of Children.

All Social Life Is Essentially Practical. All Mysterious Which Lead Theory To Mysticism Find Their Rational Solution In Human Practice And In The Comprehension Of The Practice.

Private Property Has Made Us So Stupid And Partial That An Object Is Only Ours When We Have It, When It Exists For Us As Capital ... Thus All The Physical And Intellectual Senses Have Been Replaced By ... The Sense Of Having.

They Don't Know It, But They Are Doing It.

As The Variable Capital Always Stays In The Hands Of The Capitalist In Some Form Or Other, It Cannot Be Claimed In Any Way That It Converts Itself Into Revenue For Anyone .

Communism... Is The Genuine Resolution Of The Antagonism Between Man And Nature And Between Man And Man; It Is The True Resolution Of The Conflict Between Existence And Essence, Objectification And Self-affirmation, Freedom And Necessity, Individual And Species. It Is The Riddle Of History Solved And Knows Itself As The Solution.

Society Is A Sort Of Organism On The Growth Of Which Conscious Efforts Can Exercise Little Effect.

I Am Greatly Pleased With The Public, Authentic Isolation In Which We Two, You And I, Now Find Ourselves. It Is Wholly In Accord With Our Attitude And Our Principles.

The State Is Based On This Contradiction. It Is Based On The Contradiction Between Public And Private Life, Between Universal And Particular Interests. For This Reason, The State Must Confine Itself To Formal, Negative Activities.

The Existence Of The State Is Inseparable From The Existence Of Slavery.

If This Labourer Were In Possession Of His Own Means Of Production, And Was Satisfied To Live As A Labourer, He Need Not Work Beyond Beyond The Time Necessary For The Reproduction Of His Means Of Subsistence, Say 8 Hours A Day.

The Weapon Of Criticism Can Never Replace The Criticism Of Weapons.

It Is Not The Consciousness Of Men That Determines Their Being, But, On The Contrary, Their Social Being That Determines Their Consciousness.

Communist Manifesto

Price, Taken By Itself, Is Nothing But The Monetary Expression Of Value.

There Is One Great Fact, Characteristic Of This Our Nineteenth Century, A Fact Which No Party Dares Deny. On The One Hand, There Have Started Into Life Industrial And Scientific Forces Which No Epoch Of Former Human History Had Ever Suspected. On The Other Hand, There Exist Symptoms Of Decay, Far Surpassing The Horrors Recorded Of The Latter Times Of The Roman Empire. In Our Days Everything Seems Pregnant With Its Contrary.

The Labour-power Is A Commodity , Not Capital, In The Hands Of The Labourer, And It Constitutes For Him A Revenue So Long As He Can Continuously Repeat Its Sale; It Functions As Capital After Its Sale, In The Hands Of The Capitalist, During The Process Of Production Itself.

Men Make Their Own History, But They Do Not Make It Just As They Please; They Do Not Make It Under Circumstances Chosen By Themselves, But Under Circumstances Directly Encountered, Given And Transmitted From The Past. The Tradition Of All The Dead Generations Weighs Like A Nightmare On The Brain Of The Living.

Communism Is The Riddle Of History Solved, And It Knows Itself To Be This Solution.

Communist Manifesto

In The Domain Of Political Economy, Free Scientific Inquiry Meets Not Merely The Same Enemies As In All Other Domains. The Peculiar Nature Of The Material It Deals With, Summons As Foes Into The Field Of Battle The Most Violent, Mean And Malignant Passions Of The Human Breast, The Furies Of Private Interest.

There Are No Circumstances Imaginable, Not Even Victory, Under Which The Proletariat Should Give Up Its Possession Of Arms.

What The Working Man Sells Is Not Directly His Labor, But His Laboring Power, The Temporary Disposal Of Which He Makes Over To The Capitalist. This Is So Much The Case That I Do Not Know Whether By The English Law, But Certainly By Some Continental Laws, The Maximum Time Is Fixed For Which A Man Is Allowed To Sell His Laboring Power. If Allowed To Do So For Any Indefinite Period Whatever, Slavery Would Be Immediately Restored. Such A Sale, If It Comprised His Lifetime, For Example, Would Make Him At Once The Lifelong Slave Of His Employer.

No Sooner Is The Exploitation Of The Labourer By The Manufacturer, So Far, At An End, That He Receives His Wages In Cash, Than He Is Set Upon By The Other Portions Of The Bourgeoisie, The Landlord, The Shopkeeper, The Pawnbroker, Etc.

The Theory Of Communism May Be Summed Up In One Sentence: Abolish All Private Property.

A Circuit Performed By A Capital And Meant To Be A Periodical Process, Not An Individual Act, Is Called Its Turnover. The Duration Of This Turnover Is Determined By The Sum Of Its Time Of Production And Its Time Of Circulation.

Hegel Remarks Somewhere That All Great, World-historical Facts And Personages Occur, As It Were, Twice. He Has Forgotten To Add: The First Time As Tragedy, The Second As Farce.

Capital Is Reckless Of The Health Or Length Of Life Of The Laborer, Unless Under Compulsion From Society.

Ideas Do Not Exist Separately From Language.

It Appears Then, That Capitalist Production Comprises Conditions Independent Of Good Or Bad Will, Conditions Which Permit The Working-class To Enjoy That Relative Prosperity Only Momentarily, And At That Always Only As The Harbinger Of A Coming Crisis.

If The Labourer Consumes His Disposable Time For Himself, He Robs The Capitalist.

The Communists Have No Need To Introduce Free Love; It Has Existed Almost From Time Immemorial.

You Will Have To Go Through 15, 20, 50 Years Of Civil Wars And National Struggles Not Only To Bring About A Change In Society But Also To Change Yourselves, And Prepare Yourselves For The Exercise Of Political Power.

What The Bourgeoisie Therefore Produces, Above All, Are Its Own Grave-diggers. Its Fall And The Victory Of The Proletariat Are Equally Inevitable.

Natural Science Will In Time Incorporate Into Itself The Science Of Man, Just As The Science Of Man Will Incorporate Into Itself Natural Science: There Will Be One Science.

Men's Ideas Are The Most Direct Emanations Of Their Material State.

Every Beginning Is Difficult, Holds In All Sciences.

One Of The Most Difficult Tasks Confronting Philosophers Is To Descend From The World Of Thought To The Actual World.

It Might Otherwise Appear Paradoxical That Money Can Be Replaced By Worthless Paper; But That The Slightest Alloying Of Its Metallic Content Depreciates It.

Gold Is Now Money With Reference To All Other Commodities Only Because It Was Previously, With Reference To Them, A Simple Commodity.

Scientific Truth Is Always Paradox, If Judged By Everyday Experience, Which Catches Only The Delusive Appearance Of Things.

The Entire So-called History Of The World Is Nothing But The Creation Of Man Through Human Labor.

Creation Of Man

I Wish To Avenge Myself Against The One Who Rules Above.

In The United States Of North America, Every Independent Movement Of The Workers Was Paralysed So Long As Slavery Disfigured A Part Of The Republic. Labour Cannot Emancipate Itself In The White Skin Where In The Black It Is Branded.

Value, Therefore, Does Not Stalk About With A Label Describing What It Is.

[t]he Task Of Abolishing The Essence Of Jewry Is In Truth The Task Of Abolishing Jewry In Civil Society, Abolishing The Inhumanity Of Today's Practice Of Life, The Summit Of Which Is The Money System.

The More A Ruling Class Is Able To Assimilate The Most Prominent Men Of A Ruled Class, The More Solid And Dangerous Its Rule.

Money Plays The Largest Part In Determining The Course Of History.

Communism Begins Where Atheism Begins.

Private Property Has Made Us So Stupid And One-sided That An Object Is Only Ours When We Have It

Darwin's Book Is Very Important And Serves Me As A Basis In Natural Science For The Class Struggle In History. One Has To Put Up With The Crude English Method Of Development, Of Course. Despite All Deficiencies Not Only Is The Death-blow Dealt Here For The First Time To 'teleology' In The Natural Sciences, But Their Rational Meaning Is Empirically Explained.

A Commodity Has A Value Because It Is A Crystallization Of Social Labor. The Greatness Of Its Value, Or Its Relative Value, Depends Upon The Greater Or Less Amount Of That Social Substance Contained In It; That Is To Say, On The Relative Mass Of Labor Necessary For Its Production.

It Is A Bad Thing To Perform Menial Duties Even For The Sake Of Freedom; To Fight With Pinpricks, Instead Of With Clubs. I Have Become Tired Of Hypocrisy, Stupidity, Gross Arbitrariness, And Of Our Bowing And Scraping, Dodging, And Hair-splitting Over Words. Consequently, The Government Has Given Me Back My Freedom.

Science And Democracy Are The Right And Left Hands Of What I'll Refer To As The Move From The Realm Of Necessity To The Realm Of Freedom.

Although Gold And Silver Are Not By Nature Money, Money Is By Nature Gold And Silver.

The Aggregate Capital Appears As The Capital Stock Of All Individual Capitalists Combined. This Joint Stock Company Has In Common With Many Other Stock Companies That Everyone Knows What He Puts In, But Not What He Will Get Out Of It.

If Production Be Capitalistic In Form, So, Too, Will Be Reproduction.

In Reality, The Labourer Belongs To Capital Before He Has Sold Himself To Capital.

It Is Absolutely Impossible To Transcend The Laws Of Nature. What Can Change In Historically Different Circumstances Is Only The Form In Which These Laws Expose Themselves.

In Proportion Therefore, As The Repulsiveness Of The Work Increases, The Wage Decreases.

Communist Manifesto

Philosophy Studies The World, But The Point Is To Change It.

Nothing Has Changed In Russias Policy. Her Methods, Her Tactics, Her Maneuvers May Change, But The Pole Starworld Dominationis Immutable.

All Science Would Be Superfluous If The Outward Appearance And The Essence Of Things Directly Coincided.

If We Have Chosen The Position In Life In Which We Can Most Of All Work For Mankind, No Burdens Can Bow Us Down, Because They Are Sacrifices For The Benefit Of All; Then We Shall Experience No Petty, Limited, Selfish Joy, But Our Happiness Will Belong To Millions, Our Deeds Will Live On Quietly But Perpetually At Work, And Over Our Ashes Will Be Shed The Hot Tears Of Noble People.

The Bureaucracy Is A Circle From Which No One Can Escape. Its Hierarchy Is A Hierarchy Of Knowledge.

From The Outset, The Christian Was The Theorizing Jew, The Jew Is Therefore The Practical Christian, And The Practical Christian Has Become A Jew Again.

The Full Man Does Not Understand The Wants Of The Hungry

Each Pursues His Private Interest And Only His Private Interest; And Thereby Serves The Private Interests Of All, The General Interest, Without Willing It Or Knowing It. The Real Point Is Not That Each Individual's Pursuit Of His Private Interest Promotes The Totality Of Private Interests, The General Interest. One Could Just As Well Deduce From This Abstract Phrase That Each Individual Reciprocally Blocks The Assertion Of The Others' Interests, So That, Instead Of A General Affirmation, This War Of All Against All Produces A General Negation.

Accumulation Of Wealth At One Pole Is At The Same Time Accumulation Of Misery, Agony Of Toil, Slavery, Ignorance, Brutality, Mental Degradation, At The Opposite Pole

Accumulate, Accumulate! This Is Moses And The Prophets!

The Bourgeoisie Of The Whole World, Which Looks Complacently Upon The Wholesale Massacre After The Battle, Is Convulsed By Horror At The Desecration Of Brick And Mortar.

Bricks And Mortar

Religion Is The Balm Of The People.

Our Epoch, The Epoch Of The Bourgeoisie, Posses However, This Distinctive Feature; It Has Simplified The Class Antagonisms. Society As A Whole Is More And More Splitting Up Into Two Great Hostile Camps, Into Two Great Classes Directly Facing Each Other.

The Development Of Civilization And Industry In General Has Always Shown Itself So Active In The Destruction Of Forests That Everything That Has Been Done For Their Conservation And Production Is Completely Insignificant In Comparison.

Crack-brained Meddling By The Authorities [can] Aggravate An Existing Crisis.

The More Of Himself Man Attributes To God, The Less He Has Left In Himself.

Exchange Value Forms The Substance Of Money, And Exchange Value Is Wealth.

Nothing Can Have Value Without Being An Object Of Utility.

Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex.

Workers Of The World Unite; You Have Nothing To Lose But Your Chains.

Communist Manifesto

Even An Entire Society, A Nation, Or All Simultaneously Existing Societies Taken Together, Are Not Owners Of The Earth. They Are Simply Its Possessors, Its Beneficiaries, And Have To Bequeath It In An Improved State To Succeeding Generations.

Change The Economic Base And You Will Change Human Beings.

England Has To Fulfill A Double Mission In India: One Destructive, The Other Regenerating - The Annihilation Of Old Asiatic Society, And The Laying The Material Foundations Of Western Society In Asia... When A Great Social Revolution Shall Have Mastered The Results Of The Bourgeois Epoch... And Subjected Them To The Common Control Of The Most Advanced Peoples, Then Only Will Human Progress Cease To Resemble That Hideous, Pagan Idol, Who Would Not Drink The Nectar But From The Skulls Of The Slain.

Capitalist Agricultural Production Prevents The Return To The Soil Of Its Elements Consumed By Man In The Form Of Food And Clothing; It Therefore Violates The Conditions Necessary To Lasting Fertility Of The Soil. By This Action It Destroys At The Same Time The Health Of The Town Labourer And The Intellectual Life Of The Rural Labourer.

Both For The Production On A Mass Scale Of This Communist Consciousness, And For The Success Of The Cause Itself, The Alteration Of Men On A Mass Scale Is Necessary, An Alteration Which Can Only Take Place In A Practical Movement, A Revolution; This Revolution Is Necessary, Therefore, Not Only Because The Ruling Class Cannot Be Overthrown In Any Other Way, But Also Because The Class Overthrowing It Can Only In A Revolution Succeed In Ridding Itself Of All The Muck Of Ages And Become Fitted To Found Society Anew.

In Proportion As The Exploitation Of One Individual By Another Is Put An End To, The Exploitation Of One Nation By Another Will Also Be Put An End To. In Proportion As The Antagonism Between Classes Within The Nation Vanishes, The Hostility Of One Nation To Another Will Come To An End.

A Heavy Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax.

Between Capitalist And Communist Society There Lies The Period Of The Revolutionary Transformation Of The One Into The Other. Corresponding To This Is Also A Political Transition Period In Which The State Can Be Nothing But The Revolutionary Dictatorship Of The Proletariat.

While The Miser Is Merely A Capitalist Gone Mad, The Capitalist Is A Rational Miser.

Life Is Not Determined By Consciousness, But Consciousness By Life.

A Man Cannot Become A Child Again, Or He Becomes Childish.

The Most Interesting Acquaintanceship I Have Struck Up Here Is That Of Colonel Lapinski. He Is Without Doubt The Cleverest Pole - Besides Being An Homme D'action [man Of Action] - That I Have Ever Met. His Sympathies Are All On The German Side, Though In Manners And Speech He Is Also A Frenchman. He Cares Nothing For The Struggle Of Nationalities And Only Knows The Racial Struggle. He Hates All Orientals, Among Whom He Numbers Russians Turks, Greeks, Armenians, Etc., With Equal Impartiality.... His Aim Now Is To Raise A German Legion In London.

The Wealthy Man Is The Man Whois Much, Not The One Who Has Much

So Far No Chemist Has Ever Discovered Exchange-value Either In A Pearl Or A Diamond.

The Class Struggle Necessarily Leads To The Dictatorship Of The Proletariat.

But Capitalist Production Begets,with The Inexorability Of A Law Of Nature,its Own Negation. It Is The Negation Of Negation.

Perseus Wore A Magic Cap That The Monsters He Hunted Down Might Not See Him. We Draw The Magic Cap Down Over Eyes And Ears As A Make-believe That There Are No Monsters.

The Discovery Of Gold And Silver In America, The Extirpation, Enslavement And Entombment In Mines Of The Aboriginal Population, The Turning Of Africa Into A Warren For The Commercial Hunting Of Black-skins, Signalised The Rosy Dawn Of The Era Of Capitalist Production.

You Are Horrified At Our Intending To Do Away With Private Property. But In Your Existing Society, Private Property Is Already Done Away With For Nine Tenths Of The Population; Its Existence For The Few Is Solely Due To Its Non-existence In The Hands Of Those Nine Tenths. You Reproach Us, Therefore, With Intending To Do Away With A Form Of Property, The Necessary Condition For Whose Existence Is The Non-existence Of Any Property For The Immense Majority Of Society.

Advances In Science Help To Delegitimize The Rule Of Kings And The Power Of The Church.

Greek Philosophy Seems To Have Met With Something With Which A Good Tragedy Is Not Supposed To Meet, Namely, A Dull Ending.

The Religious World Is But A Reflex Of The Real World.

Just As The Savage Must Wrestle With Nature To Satisfy His Wants, To Maintain And Reproduce Life, So Must Civilised Man, And He Must Do So In All Social Formations And Under All Possible Modes Of Production.

Machines Were, It May Be Said, The Weapon Employed By The Capitalists To Quell The Revolt Of Specialized Labor.

Consumption Is Also Immediately Production, Just As In Nature The Consumption Of The Elements And Chemical Substances Is The Production Of The Plant.

An Increase In The Productivity Of Labour Means Nothing More Than That The Same Capital Creates The Same Value With Less Labour, Or That Less Labour Creates The Same Product With More Capital.

If Emancipation Of The Working Classes Requires Their Fraternal Conncurrence, How Are They To Fulfill That Great Mission With A Foreign Policy In Pursuit Of Criminal Designs, Playing Upon National Prejudices, And Squandering In Piratical Wars The People's Blood And Treasure? It Was Not The Wisdom Of The Ruling Classes, But The Heroic Resistance To Their Criminal Folly By The Working Classes Of England, That Saved The West Of Europe From Plunging Headlong Into An Infamous Crusade For The Propagation Of Slavery On The Other Side Of The Atlantic.

I Am A Machine, Condemned To Devour Them And Then, Throw Them, In A Changed Form, On The Dunghill Of History.

The Writer May Very Well Serve A Movement Of History As Its Mouthpiece, But He Cannot Of Course Create It.

Bourgeois Society Ought Long Ago To Have Gone To The Dogs Through Sheer Idleness; For Those Of Its Members Who Work, Acquire Nothing, And Those Who Acquire Anything, Do Not Work.

We Should Not Say That One Man's Hour Is Worth Another Man's Hour, But Rather That One Man During An Hour Is Worth Just As Much As Another Man During An Hour. Time Is Everything, Man Is Nothing: He Is At The Most Time's Carcass.

The Leading Princes Are The Most Servile Tools Of English Despotism. . . . The Native Princes Are The Stronghold Of The Present Abominable English System.

On A Level Plain, Simple Mounds Look Like Hills; And The Insipid Flatness Of Our Present Bourgeoisie Is To Be Measured By The Altitude Of Its Great Intellects.

The Directing Motive, The End And Aim Of Capitalist Production, Is To Extract The Greatest Possible Amount Of Surplus Value, And Consequently To Exploit Labor-power To The Greatest Possible Extent.

In My Free Time I Do Differential And Integral Calculus.

Integral Calculus

The Rule Of The Bourgeois Democrats [in Pre-federal Germany], From The Very First, Will Carry Within It The Seeds Of Its Own Destruction

Religion Is The Sigh Of The Oppressed Creature, The Heart Of A Heartless World, And The Soul Of Soulless Conditions. It Is The Opium Of The People.

Beauty Is The Main Positive Form Of The Aesthetic Assimilation Of Reality, In Which Aesthetic Ideal Finds It Direct Expression.

In Every Stockjobbing Swindle Every One Knows That Some Time Or Other The Crash Must Come, But Every One Hopes That It May Fall On The Head Of His Neighbor, After He Himself Has Caught The Shower Of Gold And Placed It In Safety.

In Place Of The Old Bourgeois Society, With Its Classes And Class Antagonisms, We Shall Have An Association In Which The Free Development Of Each Is The Condition For The Free Development Of All.

The Social Revolution...cannot Draw Its Poetry From The Past, But Only From The Future. It Cannot Begin With Itself Before It Has Stripped Itself Of All Superstitions Concerning The Past.

A Heavy Or Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax Is Necessary For The Proper Development Of Communism.

The Human Being Is In The Most Literal Sense A Political Animal, Not Merely A Gregarious Animal, But An Animal Which Can Individuate Itself Only In The Midst Of Society.

The National Debt Has Given Rise To Joint Stock Companies, To Dealings In Negotiable Effects Of All Kinds, And To Agiotage , In A Word To Stock-exchange Gambling And The Modern Bankocracy .

The World Will Be For The Common People, And The Sounds Of Happiness Will Reach Even The Deepest Springs.

Luxury Is The Opposite Of The Naturally Necessary.

Wages Are Determined By The Bitter Struggle Between Capitalist And Worker.

Darwin Has Interested Us In The History Of Nature's Technology.

With Disdain I Will Throw My Gauntlet Full In The Fact Of The World And See The Collapse Of This Pygmy Giant. Then Will I Wander God-like And Victorious Through The Ruins Of The World. And Giving My Words An Active Force, I Will Feel Equal To The Creator.

Without The Presence Of Class Warfare, Trade Unions Would Be Hard Put To Justfy Their Existence.

Religion Is The Opium Of The Masses.

By Means Of The Banking System The Distribution Of Capital As A Special Business, A Social Function, Is Taken Out Of The Hands Of The Private Capitalists And Usurers. But At The Same Time, Banking And Credit Become The Most Effective Means Of Driving Captialist Production Beyond Its Own Limits And One Of The Most Effective Vehicles Of Crises And Swindle.

The Country That Is More Developed Industrially Only Shows, To The Less Developed, The Image Of Its Own Future.

The French Need A Thrashing. If The Prussians Win, The Centralization Of State Power Will Be Useful For The Centralization Of The German Working Class. German Predominance Would Also Transfer The Center Of Gravity Of The Workers' Movement In Western Europe From France To Germany, And One Has Only To Compare The Movement In The Two Countries From 1866 Until Now To See That The German Working Class Is Superior To The French Both Theoretically And Organizationally.

What I Did That Was New Was To Prove That The Existence Of Classes Is Only Bound Up With Particular, Historical Phases In The Development Of Production; That The Class Struggle Necessarily Leads To The Dictatorship Of The Proletariat; And That Dictatorship Itself Only Constitutes The Transition To The Abolition Of All Classes And To A Classless Society.

Society Is Undergoing A Silent Revolution, Which Must Be Submitted To, And Which Takes No More Notice Of The Human Existences It Breaks Down Than An Earthquake Regards The Houses It Subverts. The Classes And The Races, Too Weak To Master The New Conditions Of Life, Must Give Way.

The Circulation Of Commodities Is The Original Precondition Of The Circulation Of Money.

Do Not Be Deluded By The Abstract Word Freedom. Whose Freedom? Not The Freedom Of One Individual In Relation To Another, But Freedom Of Capital To Crush The Worker.

Criticism Has Plucked The Imaginary Flowers On The Chain Not In Order That Man Shall Continue To Bear That Chain Without Fantasy Or Consolation, But So That He Shall Throw Off The Chain And Pluck The Living Flower. The Criticism Of Religion Disillusions Man, So That He Will Think, Act, And Fashion His Reality Like A Man Who Has Discarded His Illusions And Regained His Senses, So That He Will Move Around Himself As His Own True Sun. Religion Is Only The Illusory Sun Which Revolves Around Man As Long As He Does Not Revolve Around Himself.

Men Can See Nothing Around Them That Is Not Their Own Image; Everything Speaks To Them Of Themselves. Their Very Landscape Is Alive.

Russia Is A Name Usurped By The Muscovites. They Are Not Slavs; They Do Not Belong To The Indo-germanic Race At All, They Are Des Intrus [intruders], Who Must Be Chased Back Across The Dnieper, Etc.

In All Of Human History No Country Or No People Have Suffered Such Terrible Slavery, Conquest And Foreign Oppression And No Country And No People Have Struggled So Strenuously For Their Emancipation Than Sicily And The Sicilians.

The Method Of Production Of The Material Things Of Life Generally Determines The Social, Political And Spiritual Currents Of Life.

Last Words Are For Those Fools Who Believe They Have Not Yet Said Enough.

So In Jewry We Recognise A Contemporary Universal Anti-social Phenomenon, Which Has Reached Its Present Pitch Through A Process Of, Historical Development In Which The Jews Have Zealously Co-operated. And This Evil Anti-social Aspect Of Jewry Has Grown To A Stage At Which: It Must Necessarily Collapse.

Anyone Who Knows Anything Of History Knows That Great Social Changes Are Impossible Without Feminine Upheaval. Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex, The Ugly Ones Included.

We Have No Compassion And We Ask No Compassion From You. When Our Turn Comes, We Shall Not Make Excuses For The Terror.

The More The Division Of Labor And The Application Of Machinery Extend, The More Does Competition Extend Among The Workers, The More Do Their Wages Shrink Together.

Division Of Labor

The History Of All Previous Societies Has Been The History Of Class Struggles.

When The Labourer Co-operates Systematically With Others, He Strips Off The Fetters Of His Individuality, And Develops The Capabilities Of His Species.

Reason Has Always Existed, But Not Always In A Reasonable Form.

Communist Manifesto

He Who Before Was The Money Owner, Now Strides In Front As Capitalist; The Possessor Of Labor-power Follows As His Laborer. The One With An Air Of Importance, Smirking, Intent On Business; The Other Hesitant, Like One Who Is Bringing His Own Hide To Market And Has Nothing To Expect But A Hiding.

Every Provisional Political Set-up Following A Revolution Requires A Dictatorship, And An Energetic Dictatorship At That.

Men Make Their Own History

Communist Manifesto

The Policy Of Russia Is Changeless. Its Methods, Its Tactics, Its Maneuvers May Change, But The Polar Star Of Its Policy, World Domination, Is A Fixed Star. About Russia

The Whole Proletariat Must Be Armed At Once With Muskets, Rifles, Cannon And Ammunition, And The Revival Of The Old-style Citizens Militia, Directed Against The Workers, Must Be Opposed.

Follow Your Own Path, No Matter What People Say.

Is A Fixed Income Not A Good Thing? Does Not Everyone Love To Count On A Sure Thing? Especially Every Petty-bourgeois, Narrow-minded Frenchman? The 'ever Needy' Man?

Each Piece Of Money Is A Mere Coin, Or Means Of Circulation, Only So Long As It Actually Circulates.

In Every Revolution There Intrude, At The Side Of Its True Agents, Men Of A Different Stamp; Some Of Them Survivors Of And Devotees To Past Revolutions, Without Insight Into The Present Movement, But Preserving Popular Influence By Their Known Honesty And Courage, Or By The Sheer Force Of Tradition; Others Mere Brawlers, Who, By Dint Of Repeating Year After Year The Same Set Of Stereotyped Declamations Against The Government Of The Day, Have Sneaked Into The Reputation Of Revolutionists Of The First Water They Are An Unavoidable Evil: With Time They Are Shaken Off.

Civil Servants And Priests, Soldiers And Ballet-dancers, Schoolmasters And Police Constables, Greek Museums And Gothic Steeples, Civil List And Services List -- The Common Seed Within Which All These Fabulous Beings Slumber In Embryo Is Taxation.

The Values Of Commodities Are Directly As The Times Of Labor Employed In Their Production, And Are Inversely As The Productive Powers Of The Labor Employed.

There Is No Greater Stupidity Than For People...to Marry And So Surrender Themselves To The Small Miseries Of Domestic And Private Life.

As, In Religion, Man Is Governed By The Products Of His Own Brain, So In Capitalistic Production, He Is Governed By The Products Of His Own Hand.

Wherever The Want Of Clothing Forced Them To It, The Human Race Made Clothes For Thousands Of Years, Without A Single Man Becoming A Tailor.

It Would Perhaps Be As Well If Things Were To Remain Quiet For A Few Years Yet, So That All This 1848 Democracy Has Time To Rot Away.

Democracies Have

Since Only What Is Material Is Perceptible, Knowable, Nothing Is Known Of The Existence Of God.

Existence Of God

...the French Revolution Gave Rise To Ideas Which Led Beyond The Ideas Of The Entire Old World Order. The Revolutionary Movement Which Began In 1789... Gave Rise To The Communist Idea Which Babeuf's Friend Buonarroti Re-introduced In France After The Revolution Of 1830. This Idea, Consistently Developed, Is The Idea Of The New World Order.

Anyone Wanting A New House Picks One From Among Those Built On Speculation Or Still In Process Of Construction. The Builder No Longer Works For His Customers But For The Market.

Democracy Is The Road To Socialism.

All I Know Is I'm Not A Marxist.

In Capitalist Society Spare Time Is Acquired For One Class By Converting The Whole Life-time Of The Masses Into Labour-time.

Go On, Get Out - Last Words Are For Fools Who Haven't Said Enough. To His Housekeeper, Who Urged Him To Tell Her His Last Words So She Could Write Them Down For Posterity.

Social Reforms Are Never Carried Out By The Weakness Of The Strong; But Always By The Strength Of The Weak.

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