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The Spectral Density Of Black Body Radiation ... Represents Something Absolute, And Since The Search For The Absolutes Has Always Appeared To Me To Be The Highest Form Of Research, I Applied Myself Vigorously To Its Solution.

-Max Planck

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The Spectral Density Of

Max Planck

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The Spectral Density Of Black Body Radiation ... Represents Something Absolute, And Since The Search For The Absolutes Has Always Appeared To Me To Be The Highest Form Of Research, I Applied Myself Vigorously To Its Solution.

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There Can Never Be Any Real Opposition Between Religion And Science; For The One Is The Complement Of The Other.

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Thus, The Photons Which Constitute A Ray Of Light Behave Like Intelligent Human Beings: Out Of All Possible Curves They Always Select The One Which Will Take Them Most Quickly To Their Goal.

Both Religion And Natural Science Require A Belief In God For Their Activities, To The Former He Is The Starting Point, And To The Latter The Goal Of Every Thought Process. To The Former He Is The Foundation, To The Latter, The Crown Of The Edifice Of Every Generalized World View.

Those [scientists] Who Dislike Entertaining Contradictory Thoughts Are Unlikely To Enrich Their Science With New Ideas.

Physical Changes Take Place Continuously, While Chemical Changes Take Place Discontinuously. Physics Deals Chiefly With Continuous Varying Quantities, While Chemistry Deals Chiefly With Whole Numbers.

Whence Come I And Whither Go I? That Is The Great Unfathomable Question, The Same For Every One Of Us. Science Has No Answer To It.

The Man Who Cannot Occasionally Imagine Events And Conditions Of Existence That Are Contrary To The Causal Principle As He Knows It Will Never Enrich His Science By The Addition Of A New Idea.

I Regard Consciousness As Fundamental. I Regard Matter As A Derivative Of Consciousness.

A Scientific Truth Does Not Triumph By Convincing Its Opponents And Making Them See The Light, But Rather Because Its Opponents Eventually Die And A New Generation Grows Up That Is Familiar With It.

An Important Scientific Innovation Rarely Makes Its Way By Gradually Winning Over And Converting Its Opponents: What Does Happen Is That The Opponents Gradually Die Out.

An Experiment Is A Question Which Science Poses To Nature And A Measurement Is The Recording Of Nature's Answer.

Insight Must Precede Application.

The History Of All Times And Nations Teaches Us That Exactly In The Naïve, Unshakable Belief, Furnished By Religion In Active Life Of Believers, Originate The Most Intense Motives For The Most Significant Creative Performance, Not Only In The Field Of Arts And Sciences But Also In Politics.

Ego Is The Immediate Dictate Of Human Consciousness.

Religion Belongs To The Realm That Is Inviolable Before The Law Of Causation And Therefore Closed To Science.

The Pioneer Scientist Must Have "a Vivid Intuitive Imagination, For New Ideas Are Not Generated By Deduction, But By Artistically Creative Imagination."

Vivid Imagination

The Entire World We Apprehend Through Our Senses Is No More Than A Tiny Fragment In The Vastness Of Nature.

Nature Prefers The More Probable States To The Less Probable Because In Nature Processes Take Place In The Direction Of Greater Probability. Heat Goes From A Body At Higher Temperature To A Body At Lower Temperature Because The State Of Equal Temperature Distribution Is More Probable Than A State Of Unequal Temperature Distribution.

What Led Me To My Science And What Fascinated Me From A Young Age Was The, By No Means Self-evident, Fact That Our Laws Of Thought Agree With The Regularities Found In The Succession Of Impressions We Receive From The External World, That It Is Thus Possible For The Human Being To Gain Enlightenment Regarding These Regularities By Means Of Pure Thought

The Worth Of A New Idea Is Invariably Determined, Not By The Degree Of Its Intuitiveness-which Incidentally, Is To A Major Extent A Matter Of Experience And Habit-but By The Scope And Accuracy Of The Individual Laws To The Discovery Of Which It Eventually Leads.

A New Scientific Truth Is Usually Not Propagated In Such A Way That Opponents Become Convinced And Discard Their Previous Views. No, The Adversaries Eventually Die Off, And The Upcoming Generation Is Familiarised Anew With The Truth.

There Can Never Be Any Real Opposition Between Religion And Science; For The One Is The Complement Of The Other. Every Serious And Reflective Person Realizes, I Think, That The Religious Element In His Nature Must Be Recognized And Cultivated If All The Powers Of The Human Soul Are To Act Together In Perfect Balance And Harmony. And Indeed It Was Not By Accident That The Greatest Thinkers Of All Ages Were Deeply Religious Souls

All Matter Originates And Exists Only By Virtue Of A Force.

Experimenters Are The Shock Troops Of Science.

It Is Impossible To Make A Clear Cut Between Science, Religion, And Art. The Whole Is Never Equal Simply To The Sum Of Its Various Parts.

When I Began My Physical Studies [in Munich In 1874] And Sought Advice From My Venerable Teacher Philipp Von Jolly...he Portrayed To Me Physics As A Highly Developed, Almost Fully Matured Science...possibly In One Or Another Nook There Would Perhaps Be A Dust Particle Or A Small Bubble To Be Examined And Classified, But The System As A Whole Stood There Fairly Secured, And Theoretical Physics Approached Visibly That Degree Of Perfection Which, For Example, Geometry Has Had Already For Centuries.

Farsighted Theologians Are Now Working To Mine The Eternal Metal From The Teachings Of Jesus And To Forge It For All Time.

Science Advances Funeral By Funeral

The Highest Court Is In The End One's Own Conscience And Conviction-that Goes For You And For Einstein And Every Other Physicist-and Before Any Science There Is First Of All Belief. For Me, It Is Belief In A Complete Lawfulness In Everything That Happens.

I Regard Consciousness As Fundamental. I Regard Matter As Derivative From Consciousness. We Cannot Get Behind Consciousness. Everything That We Talk About, Everything That We Regard As Existing, Postulates Consciousness.

Scientific Work Will Never Stop, And It Would Be Terrible If It Did. If There Were No More Problems, You Would Put Your Hands In Your Pockets And Your Head On A Pillow And Would Work No More. In Science Rest Is Stagnation, Rest Is Death.

Science Progresses Not By Convincing The Adherents Of Old Theories That They Are Wrong, But By Allowing Enough Time To Pass So That A New Generation Can Arise Unencumbered By The Old Errors.

A New Truth Always Has To Conend With Many Difficulties. If It Were Not So, It Would Have Been Discovered Much Sooner.

Science Does Not Mean An Idle Resting Upon A Body Of Certain Knowledge; It Means Unresting Endeavor And Continually Progressing Development Toward An End Which The Poetic Intuition May Apprehend, But Which The Intellect Can Never Fully Grasp.

Science Advances One Funeral At A Time.

All Matter Originates And Exists Only By Virtue Of A Force... We Must Assume Behind This Force The Existence Of A Conscious And Intelligent Mind. This Mind Is The Matrix Of All Matter.

No Burden Is So Heavy For A Man To Bear As A Succession Of Happy Days.

It Is Never Possible To Predict A Physical Occurrence With Unlimited Precision.

If E Is Considered To Be A Continuously Divisible Quantity, This Distribution Is Possible In Infinitely Many Ways. We Consider, However-this Is The Most Essential Point Of The Whole Calculation-e To Be Composed Of A Well-defined Number Of Equal Parts And Use Thereto The Constant Of Nature H = 6.55 ×10-27 Erg Sec. This Constant Multiplied By The Common Frequency ? Of The Resonators Gives Us The Energy Element E In Erg, And Dividing E By E We Get The Number P Of Energy Elements Which Must Be Divided Over The N Resonators.

The Scientist Needs An Artistically Creative Imagination.

It Was Not By Accident That The Greatest Thinkers Of All Ages Were Deeply Religious Souls.

The Whole Strenuous Intellectual Work Of An Industrious Research Worker Would Appear, After All, In Vain And Hopeless, If He Were Not Occasionally Through Some Striking Facts To Find That He Had, At The End Of All His Criss-cross Journeys, At Last Accomplished At Least One Step Which Was Conclusively Nearer The Truth.

Science Cannot Solve The Ultimate Mystery Of Nature. And That Is Because, In The Last Analysis, We Ourselves Are A Part Of The Mystery That We Are Trying To Solve.

In All My Research I Have Never Come Across Matter. To Me The Term Matter Implies A Bundle Of Energy Which Is Given Form By An Intelligent Spirit.

Experiment Is The Only Means Of Knowledge At Our Disposal. Everything Else Is Poetry, Imagination.

It Is Not The Possession Of Truth, But The Success Which Attends The Seeking After It, That Enriches The Seeker And Brings Happiness To Him.

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The Theory Of Relativity Confers An Absolute Meaning On A Magnitude Which In Classical Theory Has Only A Relative Significance: The Velocity Of Light. The Velocity Of Light Is To The Theory Of Relativity As The Elementary Quantum Of Action Is To The Quantum Theory: It Is Its Absolute Core.

The Quantum Hypothesis Will Eventually Find Its Exact Expression In Certain Equations Which Will Be A More Exact Formulation Of The Law Of Causality.

We Have No Right To Assume That Any Physical Laws Exist, Or If They Have Existed Up Until Now, That They Will Continue To Exist In A Similar Manner In The Future.

New Scientific Ideas Never Spring From A Communal Body, However Organized, But Rather From The Head Of An Individually Inspired Researcher Who Struggles With His Problems In Lonely Thought And Unites All His Thought On One Single Point Which Is His Whole World For The Moment.

There Is A Real World Independent Of Our Senses; The Laws Of Nature Were Not Invented By Man, But Forced On Him By The Natural World. They Are The Expression Of A Natural World Order.

Every Advance In Knowledge Brings Us Face To Face With The Mystery Of Our Own Being.

Modern Physics Has Taught Us That The Nature Of Any System Cannot Be Discovered By Dividing It Into Its Component Parts And Studying Each Part By Itself... We Must Keep Our Attention Fixed On The Whole And On The Interconnection Between The Parts. The Same Is True Of Our Intellectual Life. It Is Impossible To Make A Clear Cut Between Science, Religion, And Art. The Whole Is Never Equal Simply To The Sum Of Its Various Parts.

What Seems Today Inconceivable Will Appear One Day, From A Higher Stand Point, Quite Simple And Harmonious.

I Had Always Looked Upon The Search For The Absolute As The Noblest And Most Worth While Task Of Science.

The Goal Is Nothing Other Than The Coherence And Completeness Of The System Not Only In Respect Of All Details, But Also In Respect Of All Physicists Of All Places, All Times, All Peoples, And All Cultures.

We Cannot Rest And Sit Down Lest We Rust And Decay. Health Is Maintained Only Through Work. And As It Is With All Life So It Is With Science. We Are Always Struggling From The Relative To The Absolute.

An Indispensable Hypothesis, Even Though Still Far From Being A Guarantee Of Success, Is However The Pursuit Of A Specific Aim, Whose Lighted Beacon, Even By Initial Failures, Is Not Betrayed.

This Is One Of Man's Oldest Riddles. How Can The Independence Of Human Volition Be Harmonized With The Fact That We Are Integral Parts Of A Universe Which Is Subject To The Rigid Order Of Nature's Laws?

Science Enhances The Moral Value Of Life, Because It Furthers A Love Of Truth And Reverence-love Of Truth Displaying Itself In The Constant Endeavor To Arrive At A More Exact Knowledge Of The World Of Mind And Matter Around Us, And Reverence, Because Every Advance In Knowledge Brings Us Face To Face With The Mystery Of Our Own Being.

Religion And Natural Science Are Fighting A Joint Battle In An Incessant, Never-relaxing Crusade Against Skepticism And Dogmatism, Against Disbelief And Against Superstition, And The Rallying Cry In This Crusade Has Always Been, And Will Always Be, 'on To God.'

As A Man Who Has Devoted His Whole Life To The Most Clear Headed Science, To The Study Of Matter, I Can Tell You As A Result Of My Research About Atoms This Much: There Is No Matter As Such. All Matter Originates And Exists Only By Virtue Of A Force Which Brings The Particle Of An Atom To Vibration And Holds This Most Minute Solar System Of The Atom Together. We Must Assume Behind This Force The Existence Of A Conscious And Intelligent Mind. This Mind Is The Matrix Of All Matter.

We Are In A Position Similar To That Of A Mountaineer Who Is Wandering Over Uncharted Spaces, And Never Knows Whether Behind The Peak Which He Sees In Front Of Him And Which He Tries To Scale There May Not Be Another Peak Still Beyond And Higher Up.

The Spectral Density Of Black Body Radiation ... Represents Something Absolute, And Since The Search For The Absolutes Has Always Appeared To Me To Be The Highest Form Of Research, I Applied Myself Vigorously To Its Solution.

Hitherto The Principle Of Causality Was Universally Accepted As An Indispensable Postulate Of Scientific Research, But Now We Are Told By Some Physicists That It Must Be Thrown Overboard. The Fact That Such An Extraordinary Opinion Should Be Expressed In Responsible Scientific Quarters Is Widely Taken To Be Significant Of The All-round Unreliability Of Human Knowledge. This Indeed Is A Very Serious Situation.

Truth Never Triumphs-its Opponents Just Die Out.

There Is No Matter As Such—mind Is The Matrix Of All Matter.

A Scientist Is Happy, Not In Resting On His Attainments But In The Steady Acquisition Of Fresh Knowledge.

The Assumption Of An Absolute Determinism Is The Essential Foundation Of Every Scientific Enquiry.

Scientific Discovery And Scientific Knowledge Have Been Achieved Only By Those Who Have Gone In Pursuit Of It Without Any Practical Purpose Whatsoever In View.

Anybody Who Has Been Seriously Engaged In Scientific Work Of Any Kind Realizes That Over The Entrance To The Gates Of The Temple Of Science Are Written The Words: 'ye Must Have Faith.'

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