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The Separation Of Science From Knowledge Was Effected Step By Step As The Subjective Method Was Replaced By The Objective Method: I.e., When In Each Inquiry The Phenomena Of External Nature Ceased To Be Interpreted On Premisses Suggested By The Analogies Of Human Nature.

-George Henry Lewes

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The Separation Of Science

George Henry Lewes

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The Separation Of Science From Knowledge Was Effected Step By Step As The Subjective Method Was Replaced By The Objective Method: I.e., When In Each Inquiry The Phenomena Of External Nature Ceased To Be Interpreted On Premisses Suggested By The Analogies Of Human Nature.

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Character Is Built Out Of Circumstances. From Exactly The Same Materials, One Man Builds Palaces, While Another Builds Hovels.

Over The Meeting Of The Lovers I Draw A Veil. The Burst Of Rapture With Which They Clasped Each Other In A Wild Embrace -- The Many Inquiries -- The Fond Regrets And Thrilling Hopes -- It Is Out Of My Power To Convey. Let Me, Therefore, Leave Them To Their Happiness.

Vehemence Without Feeling Is But Rant.

When A Man Fails To See The Truth Of Certain Generally Accepted Views, There Is No Law Compelling Him To Provoke Animosity By Announcing His Dissent.

"there Is One Basis Of Science," Says Descartes, "one Test And Rule Of Truth, Namely, That Whatever Is Clearly And Distinctly Conceived Is True." A Profound Psychological Mistake. It Is True Only Of Formal Logic, Wherein The Mind Never Quits The Sphere Of Its First Assumptions To Pass Out Into The Sphere Of Real Existences; No Sooner Does The Mind Pass From The Internal Order To The External Order, Than The Necessity Of Verifying The Strict Correspondence Between The Two Becomes Absolute. The Ideal Test Must Be Supplemented By The Real Test, To Suit The New Conditions Of The Problem.

It Is Unhappily True That Much Insincere Literature And Art, Executed Solely With A View To Effect, Does Succeed By Deceiving The Public.

Except In The Rare Cases Of Great Dynamic Thinkers Whose Thoughts Are As Turning-points In The History Of Our Race, It Is By Style That Writers Gain Distinction, By Style They Secure Their Immortality.

It Is Not Enough That A Man Has Clearness Of Vision, And Reliance On Sincerity, He Must Also Have The Art Of Expression, Or He Will Remain Obscure.

To Write Much, And To Write Rapidly, Are Empty Boasts. The World Desires To Know What You Have Done, And Not How You Did It.

The Mathematician Who Is Without Value To Mathematicians, The Thinker Who Is Obscure Or Meaningless To Thinkers, The Dramatist Who Fails To Move The Pit, May Be Wise, May Be Eminent, But As An Author He Has Failed.

Among The Many Strange Servilities Mistaken For Pieties, One Of The Least Lovely Is That Which Hopes To Flatter God By Despising The World, And Vilifying Human Nature.

The Only Cure For Grief Is Action.

Roger Bacon, A Disciple Of The Arabs, Also Insisted On The Primary Necessity Of Mathematics, Without Which No Other Science Can Be Known; Yet By Mathematics It Is Clear That He Meant Something Very Different From What We Mean, Including Under That Head Even Dancing, Singing, Gesticulation, And Performance On Musical Instruments.

Murder, Like Talent, Seems Occasionally To Run In Families.

Literature Is At Once The Cause And The Effect Of Social Progress.

The Object Of Literature Is To Instruct, To Animate, Or To Amuse.

In Complex Trains Of Thought Signs Are Indispensable.

Train Of Thought

Books Minister To Our Knowledge, To Our Guidance, And To Our Delight, By Their Truth, Their Uprightness, And Their Art.

Good Writers Are Of Necessity Rare.

Whatever You Believe To Be True And False, That Proclaim To Be True And False; Whatever You Think Admirable And Beautiful, That Should Be Your Model, Even If All Your Friends And All The Critics Storm At You As A Crotchet-monger And An Eccentric.

If You Feel Yourself To Be Above The Mass, Speak So As To Raise The Mass To The Height Of Your Argument.

The Selective Instinct Of The Artist Tells Him When His Language Should Be Homely, And When It Should Be More Elevated; And It Is Precisely In The Imperceptible Blending Of The Plain With The Ornate That A Great Writer Is Distinguished. He Uses The Simplest Phrases Without Triviality, And The Grandest Without A Suggestion Of Grandiloquence.

All Good Literature Rests Primarily On Insight.

Good Literature

The Spontaneous Tendency To Invoke A Final Cause In Explanation Of Every Difficulty Is Characteristic Of Metaphysical Philosophy. It Arises From A General Tendency Towards The Impersonation Of Abstractions Which Is Visible Throughout History.

The Public Can Only Be Really Moved By What Is Genuine.

A Cell Is Regarded As The True Biological Atom.

Metaphysical Ghosts Cannot Be Killed, Because They Cannot Be Touched; But They May Be Dispelled By Dispelling The Twilight In Which Shadows And Solidities Are Easily Confounded. The Vital Principle Is An Entity Of This Ghostly Kind; And Although The Daylight Has Dissipated It, And Positive Biology Is No Longer Vexed With Its Visitations, It Nevertheless Reappears In Another Shape In The Shadowy Region Of Mystery Which Surrounds Biological And All Other Questions.

I Have Always Considered The Merry Wives One Of The Worst Plays, If Not Altogether The Worst, That Shakespeare Has Left Us. The Wit For The Most Part Is Dreary Or Foolish; The Tone Is Coarse And Farcical; And The Characters Want The Fine Distinctive Touches He So Well Knew How To Give. If Some Luckless Wight Had Written Such A Comedy In Our Time, I Should Like To See What The Critics Would Say To It?

The Opinion Of The Majority Is Not Lightly To Be Rejected; But Neither Is It To Be Carelessly Echoed.

Philosophy And Art Both Render The Invisible Visible By Imagination.

We Must Never Assume That Which Is Incapable Of Proof.

Love Is Blind; Couch Not His Eyes.

To Love Is For The Soul To Choose A Companion, And Travel With It Along The Perilous Defiles And Winding Ways Of Life; Mutually Sustaining, When It Is Rugged With Obstructions, And Mutually Rejoicing, When Rich Broad Plains And Sunny Slopes Make Journeying Delight.

Sincerity Is Moral Truth.

In Urging All Writers To Be Steadfast In Reliance On The Ultimate Victory Of Excellence, We Should No Less Strenuously Urge Upon Them To Beware Of The Intemperate Arrogance Which Attributes Failure To A Degraded Condition Of The Public Mind. The Instinct Which Leads The World To Worship Success Is Not Dangerous. The Book Which Succeeds Accomplishes Its Aim. The Book Which Fails May Have Many Excellencies, But They Must Have Been Misdirected.

Science Is Not Addressed To Poets.

Literature Is At Once The Cause And The Effect Of Social Progress. It Deepens Our Natural Sensibilities, And Strengthens By Exercise Our Intellectual Capacities. It Stores Up The Accumulated Experience Of The Race, Connecting Past And Present Into A Conscious Unity; And With This Store It Feeds Successive Generations, To Be Fed In Turn By Them.

Every One Who Has Seriously Investigated A Novel Question, Who Has Really Interrogated Nature With A View To A Distinct Answer, Will Bear Me Out In Saying That It Requires Intense And Sustained Effort Of Imagination.

Imagination Is Not The Exclusive Appanage Of Artists, But Belongs In Varying Degrees To All Men.

Genius Is Rarely Able To Give Any Account Of Its Own Processes.

The Moral Nature Of Man Is More Sacred In My Eyes Than His Intellectual Nature. I Know They Cannot Be Divorced - That Without Intelligence We Should Be Brutes - But It Is The Tendency Of Our Gaping, Wondering Dispositions To Give Pre-eminence To Those Faculties Which Most Astonish Us. Strength Of Character Seldom, If Ever, Astonishes; Goodness, Lovingness, And Quiet Self-sacrifice, Are Worth All The Talents In The World.

There Are Many Justifications Of Silence; There Can Be None Of Insincerity.

Bad Acting, Like Bad Writing, Has A Remarkable Uniformity, Whether Seen On The French, German, Or English Stages; It All Seems Modeled After Two Or Three Types, And Those The Least Like Types Of Good Acting. The Fault Generally Lies Less In The Bad Imitation Of A Good Model, Than In The Successful Imitation Of A Bad Model.

There Are Occasions When The Simplest And Fewest Words Surpass In Effect All The Wealth Of Rhetorical Amplification.

The Intensity Of Vision In The Artist And Of Vividness In His Creations Are The Sole Tests Of His Imaginative Power.

If I Advance New Views In Philosophy Or Theology, I Cannot Expect To Have Many Adherents Among Minds Altogether Unprepared For Such Views; Yet It Is Certain That Even Those Who Most Fiercely Oppose Me Will Recognize The Power Of My Voice If It Is Not A Mere Echo; And The Very Novelty Will Challenge Attention, And At Last Gain Adherents If My Views Have Any Real Insight.

A Man May Be Variously Accomplished, And Yet Be A Feeble Poet.

No Man Was Ever Eloquent By Trying To Be Eloquent, But Only By Being So.

A Man Must Be Himself Convinced If He Is To Convince Others. The Prophet Must Be His Own Disciple, Or He Will Make None. Enthusiasm Is Contagious: Belief Creates Belief.

Science As We Now Understand The Word Is Of Later Birth. If Its Germinal Origin May Be Traced To The Early Period When Observation, Induction, And Deduction Were First Employed, Its Birth Must Be Referred To That Comparatively Recent Period When The Mind, Rejecting The Primitive Tendency To Seek In Supernatural Agencies For An Explanation Of All External Phenomena, Endeavoured, By A Systematic Investigation Of The Phenomena Themselves To Discover Their Invariable Order And Connection.

Most Expositions Of Aristotle's Doctrines, When They Have Not Been Dictated By A Spirit Of Virulent Detraction, Or Unsympathetic Indifference, Have Carefully Suppressed All, Or Nearly All, The Absurdities, And Only Retained What Seemed Plausible And Consistent. But In This Procedure Their Historical Significance Disappears.

He Who Is Ignorant Of Motion, Says Aristotle , Is Necessarily Ignorant Of All Natural Things. ...not Only Was He Entirely In The Dark Respecting The Laws, He Was Completely Wrong In His Conception Of The Nature Of Motion. ...he Thought That Every Body In Motion Naturally Tends To Rest.

A Man May Be Buoyed Up By The Efflation Of His Wild Desires To Brave Any Imaginable Peril; But He Cannot Calmly See One He Loves Braving The Same Peril; Simply Because He Cannot Feel Within Turn That Which Prompts Another. He Sees The Danger, And Feels Not The Power That Is To Overcome It.

Roger_bacon" Title="roger Bacon">roger Bacon Expressed A Feeling Which Afterwards Moved Many Minds, When He Said That If He Had The Power He Would Burn All The Works Of The Stagirite, Since The Study Of Them Was Not Simply Loss Of Time, But Multiplication Of Ignorance. Yet In Spite Of This Outbreak Every Page Is Studded With Citations From Aristotle, Of Whom He Everywhere Speaks In The Highest Admiration.

Our Native Susceptibilities And Acquired Tastes Determine Which Of The Many Qualities In An Object Shall Most Impress Us, And Be Most Clearly Recalled. One Man Remembers The Combustible Properties Of A Substance, Which To Another Is Memorable For Its Polarising Property; To One Man A Stream Is So Much Water-power, To Another A Rendezvous For Lovers.

The Air Is Crowded With Birds -- Beautiful, Tender, Intelligent Birds -- To Whom Life Is A Song.

To His [ Plato's ] Great Disappointment, He Found Anaxagoras Adducing Simple Physical Reasons, Instead Of The Teleological Reasons, Which He Had Expected. Such A Teacher Could No Longer Allure Him.

Shakespeare Is A Good Raft Whereon To Float Securely Down The Stream Of Time; Fasten Yourself To That And Your Immortality Is Safe.

If The Members Of A Class Do Not Understand -- If Those Directly Addressed Fail To Listen, Or Listening, Fail To Recognize A Power In The Voice -- Surely The Fault Lies With The Speaker, Who, Having Attempted To Secure Their Attention And Enlighten Their Understandings, Has Failed In The Attempt.

Literature Delivers Tidings Of The World Within And The World Without.

The History Of The Race Is But That Of The Individual "writ Large".

Books Have Become Our Dearest Companions, Yielding Exquisite Delights And Inspiring Lofty Aims.

No Man Ever Made A Great Discovery Without The Exercise Of The Imagination.

As All Art Depends On Vision, So The Different Kinds Of Art Depend On The Different Ways In Which Minds Look At Things.

The Real People Of Genius Were Resolute Workers Not Idle Dreamers.

In All Sincere Speech There Is Power, Not Necessarily Great Power, But As Much As The Speaker Is Capable Of.

Whatever Lies Beyond The Limits Of Experience, And Claims Another Origin Than That Of Induction And Deduction From Established Data, Is Illegitimate.

Mathematicians Do Not Write For The Circulating Library.

Endeavour To Be Faithful, And If There Is Any Beauty In Your Thought, Your Style Will Be Beautiful; If There Is Any Real Emotion To Express, The Expression Will Be Moving.

The Great Desire Of This Age Is For A Doctrine Which May Serve To Condense Our Knowledge, Guide Our Researches, And Shape Our Lives, So That Conduct May Really Be The Consequence Of Belief

Those Works Alone Can Have Enduring Success Which Successfully Appeal To What Is Permanent In Human Nature -- Which, While Suiting The Taste Of The Day, Contain Truths And Beauty Deeper Than The Opinions And Tastes Of The Day.

To One Man A Stream Is So Much Water-power, To Another A Rendezvous For Lovers.

It Is Always Understood As An Expression Of Condemnation When Anything In Literature Or Art Is Said To Be Done For Effect; And Yet To Produce An Effect Is The Aim And End Of Both.

I Am Suspicious Without A Motive, And Jealous Without Love; Although I Feel I Ought To Love Since I Desire To Be Loved.

Personal Experience Is The Basis Of All Real Literature.

In Its Happiest Efforts, Translation Is But Approximation, And Its Efforts Are Not Often Happy. A Translation May Be Good As Translation, But It Cannot Be An Adequate Reproduction Of The Original.

If A Work Of Art Is Placed Before Me, I Believe I Can Enjoy It; But I Do Not Overlook The Fact, That Art Is One Thing, Another Thing Amusement; And That People Do Like Amusements, And Will Run After It.

The Magic Of The Pen Lies In The Concentration Of Your Thoughts Upon One Object.

Originality Is Independence, Not Rebellion; It Is Sincerity, Not Antagonism.

It Will Often Be A Question When A Man Is Or Is Not Wise In Advancing Unpalatable Opinions, Or In Preaching Heresies; But It Can Never Be A Question That A Man Should Be Silent If Unprepared To Speak The Truth As He Conceives It.

Heart And Brain Are The Two Lords Of Life. In The Metaphors Of Ordinary Speech And In The Stricter Language Of Science, We Use These Terms To Indicate Two Central Powers, From Which All Motives Radiate, To Which All Influences Converge.

In The Air We Breathe, In The Water We Drink, In The Earth We Tread On, Life Is Every Where. Nature Lives: Every Pore Is Bursting With Life ; Every Death Is Only A New Birth, Every Grave A Cradle.

To Some Men Popularity Is Always Suspicious. Enjoying None Themselves, They Are Prone To Suspect The Validity Of Those Attainments Which Command It.

It Is Not True That A Man Can Believe Or Disbelieve What He Will. But It Is Certain That An Active Desire To Find Any Proposition True Will Unconsciously Tend To That Result By Dismissing Importunate Suggestions Which Run Counter To The Belief, And Welcoming Those Which Favor It. The Psychological Law, That We Only See What Interests Us, And Only Assimilate What Is Adapted To Our Condition, Causes The Mind To Select Its Evidence.

All Bad Literature Rests Upon Imperfect Insight, Or Upon Imitation, Which May Be Defined As Seeing At Second-hand.

The Delusions Of Self-love Cannot Be Prevented, But Intellectual Misconceptions As To The Means Of Achieving Success May Be Corrected.

Speak For Yourself And From Yourself, Or Be Silent.

Individual Experiences Being Limited And Individual Spontaneity Feeble, We Are Strengthened And Enriched By Assimilating The Experience Of Others.

The Separation Of Science From Knowledge Was Effected Step By Step As The Subjective Method Was Replaced By The Objective Method: I.e., When In Each Inquiry The Phenomena Of External Nature Ceased To Be Interpreted On Premisses Suggested By The Analogies Of Human Nature.

Science Is The Systematic Classification Of Experience.

The Art Of Writing Is Not, As Many Seem To Imagine, The Art Of Bringing Fine Phrases Into Rhythmical Order, But The Art Of Placing Before The Reader Intelligible Symbols Of The Thoughts And Feelings In The Writer's Mind.

Many A Genius Has Been Slow Of Growth. Oaks That Flourish For A Thousand Years Do Not Spring Up Into Beauty Like A Reed.

Pliny... Makes The Statement, And For Untrustworthiness Of Statement He Cannot Easily Be Surpassed.

In Science The Paramount Appeal Is To The Intellect-its Purpose Being Instruction; In Art, The Paramount Appeal Is To The Emotions-its Purpose Being Pleasure.

Not Only The Individual Experience Slowly Acquired, But The Accumulated Experience Of The Race, Organized In Language, Condensed In Instruments And Axioms, And In What May Be Called The Inherited Intuitions--these Form The Multiple Unity Which Is Expressed In The Abstract Term "experience.

The Prosperity Of A Book Lies In The Minds Of Readers. Public Knowledge And Public Taste Fluctuate; And There Come Times When Works Which Were Once Capable Of Instructing And Delighting Thousands Lose Their Power, And Works, Before Neglected, Emerge Into Renown.

All Great Authors Are Seers.

The Artist Is Called A Creator.

Ideas Are Forces; Our Acceptance Of One Determines Our Reception Of Others.

Language, After All, Is Only The Use Of Symbols, And Art Also Can Only Affect Us Through Symbols.

The Discoverer And The Poet Are Inventors; And They Are So Because Their Mental Vision Detects The Unapparent, Unsuspected Facts, Almost As Vividly As Ocular Vision Rests On The Apparent And Familiar.

The True Function Of Philosophy Is To Educate Us In The Principles Of Reasoning And Not To Put An End To Further Reasoning By The Introduction Of Fixed Conclusions.

Insincerity Is Always Weakness; Sincerity Even In Error Is Strength.

No Deeply Rooted Tendency Was Ever Extirpated By Adverse Judgment. Not Having Originally Been Founded On Argument, It Cannot Be Destroyed By Logic.

Remember That Every Drop Of Rain That Falls Bears Into The Bosom Of The Earth A Quality Of Beautiful Fertility.

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