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....man's Struggle To Be Rational About Himself, About His Relationship To His Own Society And To Other Peoples And Nations Involves A Constant Search For Understanding Among All Peoples And All Cultures-a Search That Can Only Be Effective When Learning Is Pursued On A Worldwide Basis.

-J. William Fulbright

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....man's Struggle To Be

J. William Fulbright

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....man's Struggle To Be Rational About Himself, About His Relationship To His Own Society And To Other Peoples And Nations Involves A Constant Search For Understanding Among All Peoples And All Cultures-a Search That Can Only Be Effective When Learning Is Pursued On A Worldwide Basis.

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Education Is A Slow-moving But Powerful Force. It May Not Be Fast Enough Or Strong Enough To Save Us From Catastrophe, But It Is The Strongest Force Available For That Purpose And In Its Proper Place, Therefore, Is Not At The Periphery, But At The Center Of International Relations.

In The Long Course Of History, Having People Who Understand Your Thought Is Much Greater Security Than Another Submarine.

We Would Be Deliberately Violating The Fundamental Obligations We Assumed In The Act Of Bogota Establishing The Organization Of American States.

A Nation's Budget Is Full Of Moral Implications; It Tells What A Society Cares About And What It Does Not Care About; It Tells What Its Values Are.

It's Unnatural And Unhealthy For A Nation To Be Engaged In Global Crusades For Some Principle Or Idea While Neglecting The Needs Of Its Own People.

Well, We Have The Leverage In The Sense That We Supply All The Wherewithal...or A Major Part Of The Wherewithal To Finance Or To Pay For Everything Israel Does. We Don't Have Any Leverage In The Sense That Israel Controls The Senate. The Senate Is At Least...a Subservient, In My Opinion, Much Too Much. We Should Be More Concerned About The United States' Interest, Rather Than Doing The Bidding Of Israel. This Is A Most Unusual Development.

Intolerance Of Dissent Is A Well-noted Feature Of The American National Character.

There Are Many Respects In Which America, If It Can Bring Itself To Act With The Magnanimity And The Empathy Appropriate To Its Size And Power, Can Be An Intelligent Example To The World.

Maturity Requires A Final Accommodation Between Our Aspirations And Our Limitations.

Israel's Shooting Down Of A Civilian Airplane And Then The Killing Of 107 Innocent Peopel Aboard, And Their Raid Into Neutral Lebanon Are Very Dangerous Developments. There's Only One Way I Can See To Stop It...is For The United States To Take A Very Strong Stand That This Has To Be Settled...politically Settled.

This Is Regrettable Indeed For A Nation That Aspires To Teach Democracy To Other Nations, Because, As Burke Said: "example Is The School Of Mankind, And They Will Learn At No Other."

The Essence Of Intercultural Education Is The Acquisition Of Empathy-the Ability To See The World As Others See It, And To Allow For The Possibility That Others May See Something We Have Failed To See, Or May See It More Accurately. The Simple Purpose Of The Exchange Program...is To Erode The Culturally Rooted Mistrust That Sets Nations Against One Another. The Exchange Program Is Not A Panacea But An Avenue Of Hope.

There Is Nothing Obscure About The Objectives Of Educational Exchange. Its Purpose Is To Acquaint Americans With The World As It Is And To Acquaint Students And Scholars From Many Lands With America As It Is-not As We Wish It Were Or As We Might Wish Foreigners To See It, But Exactly As It Is-which By My Reckoning Is An "image" Of Which No American Need Be Ashamed.

It Is In A Way A Mystery That, Instead Of Demanding That Their Governments Give Primary Attention To Their Own Needs And Aspirations, Most Of The Citizens Of Big Counties-those, That Is, That Have The Status Of Being "powers" In The World-far From Being Self-centered Or Materialistic As They Are Commonly Credited With Being, The Ordinary Citizen And His Elected Representative All Too Often Turn Out To Be Romantics, Ready And Eager To Sacrifice Programs Of Health, Education And Welfare For The Power And Pride Of The Nation.

The Soviet Union Has Indeed Been Our Greatest Menace - Not So Much Because Of What It Has Done, But Because Of The Excuses It Has Provided Us For Our Own Failures.

In A Democracy Dissent Is An Act Of Faith. Like Medicine, The Test Of Its Value Is Not In Its Taste, But In Its Effects.

The Israelis Object To An Imposed Settlement I Don't Know What They Mean By An Imposed Settlement. It's Quite Obvious, Without The All Out Support By The United States In Money And Weapons And So On The Israelis Couldn't Do What They've Been Doing. So We Bear A Very Great Share Of The Responsibility For The Continuation Of This...of This State Of Warfare.

The Exchange Program Is The Thing That Reconciles Me To All The Difficulties Of Political Life.

The Junior Senator From Wisconsin, By His Reckless Charges, Has So Preyed Upon The Fears And Hatred Of Uninformed And Credulous People That He Has Started A Prairie Fire, Which Neither He Nor Anyone Else May Be Able To Control.

Insofar As It Represents A Genuine Reconciliation Of Differences, A Consensus Is A Fine Thing; Insofar As It Represents A Concealment Of Differences, It Is A Miscarriage Of Democratic Procedure.

Power Tends To Confuse Itself With Virtue, And A Great Nation Is Peculiarly Susceptible To The Idea That Its Power Is A Sign Of God's Favor.

"the Making Of Peace Is A Continuing Process That Must Go On From Day To Day, From Year To Year, So Long As Our Civilization Shall Last."

There Has Been A Strong Tradition In This Country That It Is Not The Function Of The Military To Educate The Public On Political Issues.

The Price Of Empire Is America's Soul, And That Price Is Too High.

We Must Care To Think About The Unthinkable Things, Because When Things Become Unthinkable, Thinking Stops And Action Becomes Mindless.

Of All The Joint Ventures In Which We Might Engage, The Most Productive, In My View, Is Educational Exchange. I Have Always Had Great Difficulty-since The Initiation Of The Fulbright Scholarships In 1946-in Trying To Find The Words That Would Persuasively Explain That Educational Exchange Is Not Merely One Of Those Nice But Marginal Activities In Which We Engage In International Affairs, But Rather, From The Standpoint Of Future World Peace And Order, Probably The Most Important And Potentially Rewarding Of Our Foreign-policy Activities.

We Are Trying To Remake Vietnamese Society, A Task Which Certainly Cannot Be Accomplished By Force And Which Probably Cannot Be Accomplished By Any Means Available To Outsiders.

We Must Dare To Think 'unthinkable' Thoughts. We Must Learn To Explore All The Options And Possibilities That Confront Us In A Complex And Rapidly Changing World.

We Are Inclined To Confuse Freedom And Democracy, Which We Regard As Moral Principles, With The Way In Which They Are Practiced In America With Capitalism, Federalism, And The Two-party System, Which Are Not Moral Principles But Simply The Preferred And Accepted Practices Of The American People.

The American Public Has Become So Conditioned By Crises, By Warnings, By Words, That There Are Few, Other Than The Young, Who Protest Against What Is Happening.

During A Single Week Of July 1967, 164 Americans Were Killed And 2100 Were Wounded In City Riots In The United States. We Are Truly Fighting A Two-front War And Doing Badly In Both. Each War Feeds On The Other And, Although The President Assures Us That We Have The Resources To Win Both Wars, In Fact We Are Not Winning Either.

Once Imbued With The Idea Of A Mission, A Great Nation Easily Assumes That It Has The Means As Well As The Duty To Do God's Work.

The Legislator Is An Indispensable Guardian Of Our Freedom. It Is True That Great Executives Have Played A Powerful Role In The Development Of Civilization, But Such Leaders Appear Sporadically, By Chance. They Do Not Always Appear When They Are Most Needed. The Great Executives Have Given Inspiration And Push To The Advancement Of Human Society, But It Is The Legislator Who Has Given Stability And Continuity To That Slow And Painful Progress.

There Are Two Americas. One Is The America Of Lincoln And Adlai Stevenson; The Other Is The America Of Teddy Roosevelt And The Modern Superpatriots. One Is Generous And Humane, The Other Narrowly Egotistical; One Is Self-critical, The Other Self-righteous; One Is Sensible, The Other Romantic; One Is Good-humored, The Other Solemn; One Is Inquiring, The Other Pontificating; One Is Moderate, The Other Filled With Passionate Intensity; One Is Judicious And The Other Arrogant In The Use Of Great Power.

....man's Struggle To Be Rational About Himself, About His Relationship To His Own Society And To Other Peoples And Nations Involves A Constant Search For Understanding Among All Peoples And All Cultures-a Search That Can Only Be Effective When Learning Is Pursued On A Worldwide Basis.

I'm Sure That President Johnson Would Never Have Pursued The War In Vietnam If He'd Ever Had A Fulbright To Japan, Or Say Bangkok, Or Had Any Feeling For What These People Are Like And Why They Acted The Way They Did. He Was Completely Ignorant.

Naturepitiless In A Pitiless Universeis Certainly Not Concerned With The Survival Of Americans Or, For That Matter, Of Any Of The Two Billion People Now Inhabiting This Earth. Hence, Our Destiny, With The Aid Of God, Remains In Our Own Hands.

Law Is The Essential Foundation Of Stability And Order Both Within Societies And In International Relations.

To Be A Statesman, You Must First Get Elected.

Education Is A Slow Moving But Powerful Force

Some New Machinery With Adequate Powers Must Be Created Now If Our Fine Phrases And Noble Sentiments Are To Have Substance And Meaning For Our Children.

I Do Not Think It Is "selling America Short" When We Ask A Great Deal Of Her; On The Contrary, It Is Those Who Ask Nothing, Those Who See No Fault, Who Are Really Selling America Short!

Power Confuses Itself With Virtue And Tends Also To Take Itself For Omnipotence.

Educational Exchange Can Turn Nations Into People, Contributing As No Other Form Of Communication Can To The Humanizing Of International Relations. Man's Capacity For Decent Behavior Seems To Vary Directly With His Perception Of Others As Individual Humans With Human Motives And Feelings, Whereas His Capacity For Barbarism Seems Related To His Perception Of An Adversary In Abstract Terms, As The Embodiment, That Is, Of Some Evil Design Or Ideology.

The Great Majority Of The Senate Of The United States...somewhere Around 80 Percent...are Completely In Support Of Israel, Anything Israel Wants. This Has Been Demonstrated Time And Again, And This Has Made It Difficult.

To Give [the Bay Of Pigs Invasion Of Cuba] Even Covert Support Is On A Par With The Hypocrisy And Cynicism For Which The United States Is Constantly Denouncing The Soviet Union In The United Nations And Elsewhere. This Point Will Not Be Lost On The Rest Of The World, Nor On Our Own Consciences.

To Criticize One's Country Is To Do It A Service.... Criticism, In Short, Is More Than A Right; It Is An Act Of Patriotism-a Higher Form Of Patriotism, I Believe, Than The Familiar Rituals And National Adulation.

It Is Not Our Affluence, Or Our Plumbing, Or Our Clogged Freeways That Grip The Imagination Of Others. Rather, It Is The Values Upon Which Our System Is Built. These Values Imply Our Adherence Not Only To Liberty And Individual Freedom, But Also To International Peace, Law And Order, And Constructive Social Purpose. When We Depart From These Values, We Do So At Our Peril.

The Program Further Aims To Make The Benefits Of American Culture And Technology Available To The World And To Enrich American Life By Exposing It To The Science And Art Of Many Societies.

Like Medieval Theologians We Had A Philosophy That Explained Everything To Us In Advance, And Everything That Did Not Fit Could Be Readily Identified As A Fraud Or A Lie Or An Illusion... The Perniciousness Of The Anti-communist Ideology Of The Truman Doctrine Arises Not From Any Patent Falsehood But From Its Distortion And Simplification Of Reality, From Its Universalization And Its Elevation To The Status Of A Revealed Truth.

Education Is The Best Means-probably The Only Means-by Which Nations Can Cultivate A Degree Of Objectivity About Each Other's Behavior And Intentions. It Is The Means By Which Russians And Americans Can Come To Understand Each Others' Aspirations For Peace And How The Satisfactions Of Everyday Life May Be Achieved.

What A Curious Picture It Is To Find Man, Homo Sapiens, Of Divine Origin, We Are Told, Seriously Considering Going Underground To Escape The Consequences Of His Own Folly. With A Little Wisdom And Foresight, Surely It Is Not Yet Necessary To Forsake Life In The Fresh Air And In The Warmth Of The Sunlight. What A Paradox If Our Own Cleverness In Science Should Force Us To Live Underground With The Moles.

The Citizen Who Criticizes His Country Is Paying It An Implied Tribute.

"our Government Will Soon Become What It Is Already A Long Way Toward Becoming, An Elective Dictatorship.

There Is An Inevitable Divergence Between The World As It Is And The World As Men Perceive It.

The Greatest Single Virtue Of A Strong Legislature Is Not What It Can Do, But What It Can Prevent.

The Rapprochement Of Peoples Is Only Possible When Differences Of Culture And Outlook Are Respected And Appreciated Rather Than Feared And Condemned, When The Common Bond Of Human Dignity Is Recognized As The Essential Bond For A Peaceful World.

With Respect To The Creation Of The Program, I Introduced The Bill In September 1945, Immediately After The End Of The War With Japan, In August Of That Year. A Number Of Considerations, Of Course, Entered Into My Decision To Introduce The Bill, Growing From My Own Experience As A Rhodes Scholar And The Experiences Our Government Had Had With The First Word War Debts, [herbert] Hoover's Efforts In Establishing The Belgian-american Education Foundation After World War I, [and] The Boxer Rebellion Indemnity.

Israel Controls The United States Senate.

The Preservation Of Our Free Society In The Years And Decades To Come Will Depend Ultimately On Whether We Succeed Or Fail In Directing The Enormous Power Of Human Knowledge To The Enrichment Of Our Own Lives And The Shaping Of A Rational And Civilized World Order....it Is The Task Of Education, More Than Any Other Instrument Of Foreign Policy To Help Close The Dangerous Gap Between The Economic And Technological Interdependence Of The People Of The World And Their Psychological, Political And Spiritual Alienation.

As A Conservative Power, The United States Has A Vital Interest In Upholding And Expanding The Reign Of Law In International Relations.

In A Democracy, Dissent Is An Act Of Faith.

Finally, The Program Aims, Through These Means, To Bring A Little More Knowledge, A Little More Reason, And A Little More Compassion Into World Affairs And Thereby To Increase The Chance That Nations Will Learn At Last To Live In Peace And Friendship.

Science Has Radically Changed The Conditions Of Human Life On Earth. It Has Expanded Our Knowledge And Our Power, But Not Our Capacity To Use Them With Wisdom.

To Ask For Overt Renunciation Of A Cherished Doctrine Is To Expect Too Much Of Human Nature. Men Do Not Repudiate The Doctrines And Dogmas To Which They Have Sworn Their Loyalty. Instead They Rationalize, Revise, And Re-interpret Them To Meet New Needs And New Circumstances, All The While Protesting That Their Heresy Is The Purest Orthodoxy.

I Think We Americans Tend To Put Too High A Price On Unanimity, As If There Were Something Dangerous And Illegitimate About Honest Differences Of Opinion Honestly Expressed By Honest Men.

We Have The Power To Do Any Damn Fool Thing We Want To Do, And We Seem To Do It About Every Ten Minutes.

It Is Amazing How Soon One Becomes Accustomed To The Sound Of Ones Voice, When Forced To Repeat A Speech Five Or Six Times A Day. As Election Day Approaches, The Size Of The Crowds Grows; They Are More Responsive And More Interested; And One Derives A Certain Exhilaration From That Which, Only A Few Weeks Before, Was Intensely Painful. This Is One Possible Explanation Of Unlimited Debate In The Senate.

When Public Men Indulge Themselves In Abuse, When They Deny Others A Fair Trial, When They Resort To Innuendo And Insinuation, To Libel, Scandal, And Suspicion, Then Our Democratic Society Is Outraged, And Democracy Is Baffled. It Has No Apparatus To Deal With The Boor, The Liar, The Lout, And The Antidemocrat In General.

The Biggest Lesson I Learned From Vietnam Is Not To Trust [our Own] Government Statements.

The Age Of Warrior Kings And Of Warrior Presidents Has Passed. The Nuclear Age Calls For A Different Kind Of Leadership.... A Leadership Of Intellect, Judgment, Tolerance And Rationality, A Leadership Committed To Human Values, To World Peace, And To The Improvement Of The Human Condition. The Attributes Upon Which We Must Draw Are The Human Attributes Of Compassion And Common Sense, Of Intellect And Creative Imagination, And Of Empathy And Understanding Between Cultures.

Educational Exchange Can Turn Nations Into People, Contributing As No Other Form Of Communication Can To The Humanizing Of International Relations

International Educational Exchange Is The Most Significant Current Project Designed To Continue The Process Of Humanizing Mankind To The Point, We Would Hope, That Men Can Learn To Live In Peace-eventually Even To Cooperate In Constructive Activities Rather Than Compete In A Mindless Contest Of Mutual Destruction....we Must Try To Expand The Boundaries Of Human Wisdom, Empathy And Perception, And There Is No Way Of Doing That Except Through Education.

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