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Apollo Without Dionysus May Indeed Be A Well-informed, Good Citizen But He's A Dull Fellow. He May Even Be 'cultured,' In The Sense One Often Gets From Traditionalist Writings In Education. . . . But Without Dionysus He Will Never Make And Remake A Culture.

-Jerome Bruner

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Apollo Without Dionysus May

Jerome Bruner

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Apollo Without Dionysus May Indeed Be A Well-informed, Good Citizen But He's A Dull Fellow. He May Even Be 'cultured,' In The Sense One Often Gets From Traditionalist Writings In Education. . . . But Without Dionysus He Will Never Make And Remake A Culture.

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Organizing Facts In Terms Of Principles And Ideas From Which They May Be Inferred Is The Only Known Way Of Reducing The Quick Rate Of Loss Of Human Memory.

We Carry With Us Habits Of Thought And Taste Fostered In Some Nearly Forgotten Classroom By A Certain Teacher.

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Telling Others About Oneself Is...no Simple Matter. It Depends On What We Think They Think We Ought To Be Like

Agency Presupposes Choice.

The Agentive Mind Is Not Only Active In Nature, But It Seeks Out Dialogue And Discourse With Other Active Minds. And It Is Through This Dialogic, Discursive Process That We Come To Know The Other And His Points Of View, His Stories. We Learn An Enormous Amount Not Only About The World But About Ourselves By Discourse With Others.

In The Perception Of The Incongruous Stimuli, The Recognition Process Is Temporarily Thwarted And Exhibits Characteristics Which Are Generally Not Observable In The Recognition Of More Conventional Stimuli.

Characteristics

"thinking About Thinking" Has To Be A Principle Ingredient Of Any Empowering Practice Of Education.

Rather, The Master Question From Which The Mission Of Education Research Is Derived: What Should Be Taught To Whom, And With What Pedagogical Object In Mind? That Master Question Is Threefold: What, To Whom, And How? Education Research, Under Such A Dispensation, Becomes An Adjunct Of Educational Planning And Design. It Becomes Design Research In The Sense That It Explores Possible Ways In Which Educational Objectives Can Be Formulated And Carried Out In The Light Of Cultural Objectives And Values In The Broad.

The Main Characteristic Of Play - Whether Of Child Or Adult - Is Not It Content But Its Mode. Play Is An Approach To Action, Not A Form Of Activity.

I Would Urge That The Yeast Of Education Is The Idea Of Excellence, And The Idea Of Excellence Comprises As Many Forms As There Are Individuals, Each Of Whom Develops His Own Image Of Excellence. The School Must Have As One Of Its Principal Functions The Nurturing Of Images Of Excellence.

The Shrewd Guess, The Fertile Hypothesis, The Courageous Leap To A Tentative Conclusion - These Are The Most Valuable Coins Of The Thinker At Work. But In Most Schools Guessing Is Heavily Penalized And Is Associated Somehow With Laziness.

It Is Sentimentalism To Assume That The Teaching Of Life Can Always Be Fitted To The Child's Interests, Just As It Is Empty Formalism To Force The Child To Parrot The Formulas Of Adult Society. Interests Can Be Created And Stimulated.

Learners Are Encouraged To Discover Facts And Relationships For Themselves.

Good Teaching Is Forever Being On The Cutting Edge Of A Child's Competence.

We Cannot, Even Given Our Most Imaginative Efforts, Construct A Concept Of Self That Does Not Impute Some Causal Influence Of Prior Mental States On Later Ones.

Whoever Reflects Recognizes That There Are Empty And Lonely Spaces Between One’s Experiences.

The Essence Of Creativity Is Figuring Out How To Use What You Already Know In Order To Go Beyond What You Already Think.

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Surely Knowledge Of The Natural World, Knowledge Of The Human Condition, Knowledge Of The Nature And Dynamics Of Society, Knowledge Of The Past So That One May Use It In Experiencing The Present And Aspiring To The Future--all Of These, It Would Seem Reasonable To Suppose, Are Essential To An Educated Man. To These Must Be Added Another--knowledge Of The Products Of Our Artistic Heritage That Mark The History Of Our Esthetic Wonder And Delight.

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The Notion Of Multiple Literacies Recognized That There Are Many Ways Of Being-and Of Becoming-literate, And That How Literacy Develops And How It Is Used Depend On The Particular Social And Cultural Setting.

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The Fish Will Be The Last To Discover Water.

In Reference To Right Answers - Knowing Is A Process, Not A Product.

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We Are Storytelling Creatures, And As Children We Acquire Language To Tell Those Stories That We Have Inside Us.

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Apollo Without Dionysus May Indeed Be A Well-informed, Good Citizen But He's A Dull Fellow. He May Even Be 'cultured,' In The Sense One Often Gets From Traditionalist Writings In Education. . . . But Without Dionysus He Will Never Make And Remake A Culture.

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