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A Level Of No More Than 350 Ppm Is Still Feasible, With The Help Of Reforestation And Improved Agricultural Practices, But Just Barely - Time Is Running Out.

-James Hansen

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A Level Of No

James Hansen

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A Level Of No More Than 350 Ppm Is Still Feasible, With The Help Of Reforestation And Improved Agricultural Practices, But Just Barely - Time Is Running Out.

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More From James Hansen

Injection Of Environmental And Political Perspectives In Midstream Of The Science Discussion Cannot Help The Process Of Inquiry. I Believe That Persons With Relevant Scientific Expertise Should Concentrate, With Pride, On Cool Objective Analysis, Providing Information To The Public And Decision-makers When It Is Found, But Leaving The Moral Implications For Later Common Consideration, Or At Most For Summary Inferential Discussion.

I Tend To Be Naive And Gullible, I Guess, But I Try To Believe That Governments Believe What They Say.

...99 Percent Confident That The World Really Was Getting Warmer And That There Was A High Degree Of Probability That It Was Due To Human-made Greenhouse Gases.

If We Fail To Act, We Will End Up With A Different Planet.

...chief Executives Of Large Fossil Fuel Companies To [should] Be Put On Trial For High Crimes Against Humanity And Nature; [hansen] Accusing Them Of Actively Spreading Doubt About Global Warming In The Same Way That Tobacco Companies Blurred The Links Between Smoking And Cancer.

Ceos Of Fossil Energy Companies Know What They Are Doing And Are Aware Of Long-term Consequences Of Continued Business As Usual. In My Opinion, These Ceos Should Be Tried For High Crimes Against Humanity And Nature.

If Humanity Wishes To Preserve A Planet Similar To That On Which Civilisation Developed And To Which Life On Earth Is Adapted, Paleoclimate Evidence And Ongoing Climate Change Suggest That Co₂ Will Need To Be Reduced From Its Current 385 Ppm [parts Per Million] To At Most 350 Ppm... If The Present Overshoot Of This Target Co₂ Is Not Brief, There Is A Possibility Of Seeding Irreversible Catastrophic Effects.

The Question Is Not Whether To Close The Parks, But How To Accomplish This Goal.

We're Handing Them [young People & Future Generations] A Climate System Which Is Potentially Out Of Their Control. We're In An Emergency: You Can See What's On The Horizon Over The Next Few Decades With The Effects It Will Have On Ecosystems, Sea Level And Species Extinction

...the Global Surface Albedo [surface Whiteness] And Greenhouse Gas Changes Account For Practically The Entire Global Climate Change.

I've Tried To Be A Straight Scientist Doing The Science And Reporting It As Best I Can.

As You Get More Global Warming, You Should See An Increase In The Extremes Of The Hydrological Cycle - Droughts And Floods And Heavy Precipitation.

The Forcings That Drive Long-term Climate Change Are Not Known With An Accuracy Sufficient To Define Future Climate Change.

Burning All The Fossil Fuels Will Destroy The Planet We Know, Creation, The Planet Of Stable Climate In Which Civilization Developed.

Global Warming Has Already Triggered A Sea Level Rise That Could Reach From 6 Metres (19.69 Ft) To 25 Metres (27.34 Yards).

Money Has Too Big An Influence On Our Politics In Washington And Somehow We Need To Do Something About That.

Imagine A Giant Asteroid On A Direct Collision Course With Earth. That Is The Equivalent Of What We Face Now With Climate Change, Yet We Dither.

Only In The Last Few Years Did The Science Crystallize, Revealing The Urgency - Our Planet Really Is In Peril. If We Do Not Change Course Soon, We Will Hand Our Children A Situation That Is Out Of Their Control.

Talking Nice About Sun And Wind And Green Jobs Is Just Greenwash.

I Was Lucky To Grow Up At A Time When It Was Not Difficult For The Child Of A Tenant Farmer To Make His Way To The State University.

As A Government Employee, You Can't Testify Against The Government.

Government Employees

Some Democrats Deserve To Be Criticized.

We Have At Most Ten Years—not Ten Years To Decide Upon Action, But Ten Years To Alter Fundamentally The Trajectory Of Global Greenhouse Emissions.

The Climate Is Nearing Tipping Points. Changes Are Beginning To Appear And There Is A Potential For Explosive Changes, Effects That Would Be Irreversible, If We Do Not Rapidly Slow Fossil-fuel Emissions Over The Next Few Decades.

The Last Time The World Was Three Degrees Warmer Than Today-which Is What We Expect Later This Century-sea Levels Were 25m Higher. So That Is What We Can Look Forward To If We Don't Act Soon.

What We Are Doing To The Future Of Our Children, And The Other Species On The Planet, Is A Clear Moral Issue.

Coral Reefs, The Rain Forest Of The Ocean, Are Home For One-third Of The Species Of The Sea. Coral Reefs Are Under Stress For Several Reasons, Including Warming Of The Ocean, But Especially Because Of Ocean Acidification, A Direct Effect Of Added Carbon Dioxide. Ocean Life Dependent On Carbonate Shells And Skeletons Is Threatened By Dissolution As The Ocean Becomes More Acid.

The Five-year Mean Global Temperature Has Been Flat For The Last Decade

We Cannot Afford To Put Off Change Any Longer. We Have To Get On A New Path Within This New Administration. We Have Only Four Years Left For Obama To Set An Example To The Rest Of The World. America Must Take The Lead.

The Evidence For Human-made Climate Change Is Overwhelming.

Coal Is The Single Greatest Threat To Civilization And All Life On Our Planet.

How Long Have We Got? We Have To Stabilize Emissions Of Carbon Dioxide Within A Decade, Or Temperatures Will Warm By More Than One Degree... We Don't Have Much Time Left.

We Are On The Precipice Of Climate System Tipping Points Beyond Which There Is No Redemption.

Adding Co2 To The Air Is Like Throwing Another Blanket On The Bed.

In View Of The Immense Power Of Natural Weather And Climate Fluctuations And The Great Buffering Capacity Of The Earth, Especially The Ocean, It Is Easy To Be Skeptical About Whether Small Anthropogenic Changes Of Atmospheric Composition Can Have Important Practical Impacts.

The Most Difficult Task, Phase-out Over The Next 20-25 Years Of Coal Use That Does Not Capture Co₂, Is Herculean, Yet Feasible When Compared With The Efforts That Went Into World War Ii. The Stakes, For All Life On The Planet, Surpass Those Of Any Previous Crisis. The Greatest Danger Is Continued Ignorance And Denial, Which Could Make Tragic Consequences Unavoidable.

There Is Still Time To Act And Avoid A Worsening Climate But We Are Wasting Precious Time.

We Have At Most Ten Years - Not Ten Years To Decide Upon Action, But Ten Years To Alter Fundamentally The Trajectory Of Global Greenhouse Emissions... We Are Near A Tipping Point, A Point Of No Return, Beyond Which The Built In Momentum And Feedbacks Will Carry Us To Levels Of Climate Change With Staggering Consequences For Humanity And All Of The Residents Of This Planet.

Policy Decisions On Climate Change Are Being Deliberated Every Day By Those Without Full Knowledge Of The Science, And Often With Intentional Misinformation Spawned By Special Interests.

The Danger Is That The Compromises And Special Interests Inherent In Kyoto-style Targets And Cap-and-trade Will Be Accepted Because Of Bureaucratic Momentum.

It's As Certain That As Long As Fossil Fuels Are The Cheapest Energy, We Will Just Keep Burning Them.

Interference With Communications Of Science To The Public Has Been Greater During The Current Administration Than At Any Time In My Career.

The Fact Is Fossil Fuel Carbon Will Stay In The Surface Climate System For Millennia.

What Has Become Clear From The Science Is That We Cannot Burn All Of The Fossil Fuels Without Creating A Very Different Planet.

Scientists Will Say We Can't Blame Global Warming For Any Single Event. In A Sense That's Right, But The Fact That The Frequency And Intensity Of These Events Is Increasing You Can Blame On Global Warming.

It Would Be Immoral To Leave Young People With A Climate System Spiraling Out Of Control.

Recent Warming Coincides With Rapid Growth Of Human-made Greenhouse Gases. The Observed Rapid Warming Gives Urgency To Discussions About How To Slow Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

Our Analysis Shows That, For The Extreme Hot Weather Of The Recent Past, There Is Virtually No Explanation Other Than Climate Change. The Deadly European Heat Wave Of 2003, The Fiery Russian Heat Wave Of 2010 And Catastrophic Droughts In Texas And Oklahoma Last Year [2011] Can Each Be Attributed To Climate Change. The Odds That Natural Variability Created These Extremes Are Minuscule, Vanishingly Small. To Count On Those Odds Would Be Like Quitting Your Job And Playing The Lottery Every Morning To Pay The Bills.

We're Running Out Of Time.

The Climate System Is Being Pushed Hard Enough That Change Will Become Obvious To The Man In The Street In The Next Decade.

We Have Known Since The 1800s That Carbon Dioxide Traps Heat In The Atmosphere. The Right Amount Keeps The Climate Conducive To Human Life.

I Think We Have A Very Brief Window Of Opportunity To Deal With Climate Change. No Longer Than A Decade At Most.

'goals' And 'caps' On Carbon Emissions Are Practically Worthless, If Coal Emissions Continue, Because Of The Exceedingly Long Lifetime Of Carbon Dioxide In The Air.

Carbon Emissions

'cap And Trade' Generates Special Interests, Lobbyists, And Trading Schemes, Yielding Non-productive Millionaires, All At Public Expense. The Public Is Fed Up With Such Business. Tax With 100% Dividend, In Contrast, Would Spur Our Economy, While Aiding The Disadvantaged, The Climate, And Our National Security.

The Urgency Derives From The Nearness Of Climate Tipping Points.

Until The Public Demands Otherwise, The Policy Makers Will Continue To Serve Their Financiers.

A Level Of No More Than 350 Ppm Is Still Feasible, With The Help Of Reforestation And Improved Agricultural Practices, But Just Barely - Time Is Running Out.

The United States Did Not Sign Kyoto, Yet Its Emissions Are Not That Different From The Countries That Did Sign It.

We Have To, In The Next Ten Years, Begin To Decrease The Rate Of Carbon Dioxide Emissions And Then Flatten It Out. If That Doesn't Happen In Ten Years, We're Going To Be Passing Certain Tipping Points. If The Ice Sheets Begin To Disintegrate, What Can You Do About It? You Can't Tie A Rope Around An Ice Sheet.

The Climate Dice Are Now Loaded. Some Seasons Still Will Be Cooler Than The Long-term Average, But The Perceptive Person Should Notice That The Frequency Of Unusually Warm Extremes Is Increasing. It Is The Extremes That Have The Most Impact On People And Other Life On The Planet.

The 5-year Mean Global Temperature Has Been Flat For The Last Decade, Which We Interpret As A Combination Of Natural Variability And A Slow Down In The Growth Rate Of Net Climate Forcing.

Well, You Know What Happens To Crime When The Heat Goes Up.

Several Times In Earth's History, Rapid Global Warming Occurred, Apparently Spurred By Amplifying Feedbacks. In Each Case, More Than Half Of Plant And Animal Species Became Extinct. New Species Came Into Being Over Tens And Hundreds Of Thousands Of Years. But These Are Time Scales And Generations That We Cannot Imagine.

The Five Warmest Years Over The Last Century Occurred In The Last Eight Years.

The Greatest Danger Hanging Over Our Children And Grandchildren Is Initiation Of Changes That Will Be Irreversible On Any Time Scale That Humans Can Imagine.

I Have Been Described As The Grandfather Of Climate Change. In Fact, I Am Just A Grandfather And I Do Not Want My Grandchildren To Say That Grandpa Understood What Was Happening But Didn't Make It Clear.

If We Drive Our Fellow Species To Extinction, We Will Leave A Far More Desolate Planet For Our Descendants Than The World We Inherited From Our Elders.

Global Warming Isn't A Prediction. It Is Happening.

The Scientific Excitement In Comparing Theory With Data, And Developing Some Understanding Of Global Changes That Are Occurring, Is What Makes All The Other Stuff Worth It.

As Species Are Exterminated By Shifting Climate Zones, Ecosystems Can Collapse, Destroying More Species.

The Trains Carrying Coal To Power Plants Are Death Trains. Coal-fired Power Plants Are Factories Of Death.

The Democratic Process Is Supposed To Be One Person One Vote, But It Turns Out That Money Is Talking Louder Than The Votes.

Jail Threats Did Not Dissuade Martin Luther King - And Intergenerational Justice Is A Moral Issue Of Comparable Magnitude To Civil Rights.

The Carbon Emissions From Tar Shale And Tar Sands Would Initiate A Continual Unfolding Of Climate Disasters Over The Course Of This Century. We Would Be Miserable Stewards Of Creation. We Would Rob Our Own Children And Grandchildren.

Carbon Emissions

It Has Become Very Difficult For Anyone To Argue That Observed Global Warming Is Natural Variability. We Have Good Reason For Being Able To Say That The World Will Be Warmer By About A Quarter Of A Degree In The Next Decade. It's The Same Reason We Had 10 Years Ago When We Said That The 1990s Would Be Warmer Than The 1980s: The Planet Is Out Of Equilibrium.

Planet Earth, Creation, The World In Which Civilization Developed, The World With Climate Patterns That We Know And Stable Shorelines, Is In Imminent Peril.

Politicians Think That If Matters Look Difficult, Compromise Is A Good Approach. Unfortunately, Nature And The Laws Of Physics Cannot Compromise - They Are What They Are.

Because Cap And Trade Is Enforced Through The Selling And Trading Of Permits, It Actually Perpetuates The Pollution It Is Supposed To Eliminate.

Rising Carbon Price Is Essential To 'decarbonize' The Economy - To Remove The Nation Towards The Era Beyond Fossil Fuels.

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