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What I Did That Was New Was To Prove That The Existence Of Classes Is Only Bound Up With Particular, Historical Phases In The Development Of Production; That The Class Struggle Necessarily Leads To The Dictatorship Of The Proletariat; And That Dictatorship Itself Only Constitutes The Transition To The Abolition Of All Classes And To A Classless Society.

-Karl Marx

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What I Did That

Karl Marx

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What I Did That Was New Was To Prove That The Existence Of Classes Is Only Bound Up With Particular, Historical Phases In The Development Of Production; That The Class Struggle Necessarily Leads To The Dictatorship Of The Proletariat; And That Dictatorship Itself Only Constitutes The Transition To The Abolition Of All Classes And To A Classless Society.

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The Method Of Production Of The Material Things Of Life Generally Determines The Social, Political And Spiritual Currents Of Life.

Private Property Has Made Us So Stupid And One-sided That An Object Is Only Ours When We Have It

Money Plays The Largest Part In Determining The Course Of History.

Religion Is The Opiate Of The People.

To Discover The Various Use Of Things Is The Work Of History.

Music Is The Mirror Of Reality.

The Capitalist Mode Of Production And Accumulation, And Therefore Capitalist Private Property, Have For Their Fundamental Condition The Annihilation Of Self-earned Private Property: In Other Words, The Expropriation Of The Labourer.

Usury Lives In The Pores Of Production, As It Were, Just As The Gods Of Epicurus Lived In The Space Between The Worlds.

The Values Of Commodities Are Directly As The Times Of Labor Employed In Their Production, And Are Inversely As The Productive Powers Of The Labor Employed.

The Consciousness Of The Past Weighs Like A Nightmare On The Brain Of The Living.

So Far No Chemist Has Ever Discovered Exchange-value Either In A Pearl Or A Diamond.

You Are Horrified At Our Intending To Do Away With Private Property. But In Your Existing Society, Private Property Is Already Done Away With For Nine Tenths Of The Population; Its Existence For The Few Is Solely Due To Its Non-existence In The Hands Of Those Nine Tenths. You Reproach Us, Therefore, With Intending To Do Away With A Form Of Property, The Necessary Condition For Whose Existence Is The Non-existence Of Any Property For The Immense Majority Of Society.

In The Domain Of Political Economy, Free Scientific Inquiry Meets Not Merely The Same Enemies As In All Other Domains. The Peculiar Nature Of The Material It Deals With, Summons As Foes Into The Field Of Battle The Most Violent, Mean And Malignant Passions Of The Human Breast, The Furies Of Private Interest.

So In Jewry We Recognise A Contemporary Universal Anti-social Phenomenon, Which Has Reached Its Present Pitch Through A Process Of, Historical Development In Which The Jews Have Zealously Co-operated. And This Evil Anti-social Aspect Of Jewry Has Grown To A Stage At Which: It Must Necessarily Collapse.

Last Words Are For Those Fools Who Believe They Have Not Yet Said Enough.

The Last Capitalist We Hang Shall Be The One Who Sold Us The Rope.

In Short, Competition Has To Shoulder The Responsibility Of Explaining All The Meaningless Ideas Of The Economists, Whereas It Should Rather Be The Economists Who Explain Competition.

The National Debt Has Given Rise To Joint Stock Companies, To Dealings In Negotiable Effects Of All Kinds, And To Agiotage , In A Word To Stock-exchange Gambling And The Modern Bankocracy .

In The Various Stages Of Development Which The Struggle Of Working Class Against The Bourgeoisie Has To Pass Through, They Always And Everywhere Represent The Interests Of The Movement As A Whole.

Darwin Has Interested Us In The History Of Nature's Technology.

In The United States Of North America, Every Independent Movement Of The Workers Was Paralysed So Long As Slavery Disfigured A Part Of The Republic. Labour Cannot Emancipate Itself In The White Skin Where In The Black It Is Branded.

All Science Would Be Superfluous If The Outward Appearance And The Essence Of Things Directly Coincided.

Life Is Not Determined By Consciousness, But Consciousness By Life.

The More A Ruling Class Is Able To Assimilate The Most Prominent Men Of A Ruled Class, The More Solid And Dangerous Its Rule.

All That We Want To Do Away With Is The Miserable Character Of This Appropriation, Under Which The Labourer Lives Merely To Increase Capital , And Allowed To Live Only So Far As The Interest To The Ruling Class Requires It.

It Is Not History Which Uses Men As A Means Of Achieving - As If It Were An Individual Person - Its Own Ends. History Is Nothing But The Activity Of Men In Pursuit Of Their Ends.

Darwin's Book Is Very Important And Serves Me As A Basis In Natural Science For The Class Struggle In History. One Has To Put Up With The Crude English Method Of Development, Of Course. Despite All Deficiencies Not Only Is The Death-blow Dealt Here For The First Time To 'teleology' In The Natural Sciences, But Their Rational Meaning Is Empirically Explained.

He Who Before Was The Money Owner, Now Strides In Front As Capitalist; The Possessor Of Labor-power Follows As His Laborer. The One With An Air Of Importance, Smirking, Intent On Business; The Other Hesitant, Like One Who Is Bringing His Own Hide To Market And Has Nothing To Expect But A Hiding.

In A Word, The Free Trade System Hastens The Social Revolution. It Is In This Revolutionary Sense Alone, Gentlemen, That I Vote In Favor Of Free Trade.

Revolutions Are The Locomotives Of History.

Religion Is The Opium Of The People Translated From The German Die Religion ... Ist Das Opium Des Volkessometimes Misquoted As Opiate Of The People.

Parliamentary Cretinism: That Peculiar Malady Which Since 1848 Has Raged All Over The Continent, Which Holds Those Infected By It Fast In An Imaginary World And Robs Them Of All Sense, All Memory, All Understanding Of The Rude External World.

Money Is The Alienated Essence Of Man's Work And Existence; This Essence Dominates Him And He Worships It.

As Individuals Express Their Life, So They Are. What They Are, Therefore, Coincides With Their Production, Both With What They Produce And With How They Produce. The Nature Of Individuals Thus Depends On The Material Conditions Determining Their Production.

The Human Being Is In The Most Literal Sense A Political Animal, Not Merely A Gregarious Animal, But An Animal Which Can Individuate Itself Only In The Midst Of Society.

Scientific Truth Is Always Paradox, If Judged By Everyday Experience, Which Catches Only The Delusive Appearance Of Things.

...the Very Cannibalism Of The Counterrevolution Will Convince The Nations That There Is Only One Way In Which The Murderous Death Agonies Of The Old Society And The Bloody Birth Throes Of The New Society Can Be Shortened, Simplified And Concentrated, And That Way Is Revolutionary Terror.

Exchange Value Forms The Substance Of Money, And Exchange Value Is Wealth.

The Economic Concept Of Value Does Not Occur In Antiquity .

This Young Lady, Who Instantly Overwhelmed Me With Her Kindness, Is The Ugliest Creature I Have Seen In My Entire Life, With Repulsive Jewish Facial Features.

You Will Have To Go Through 15, 20, 50 Years Of Civil Wars And National Struggles Not Only To Bring About A Change In Society But Also To Change Yourselves, And Prepare Yourselves For The Exercise Of Political Power.

In This Sense, The Theory Of The Communists May Be Summed Up In The Single Sentence: Abolition Of Private Property. - Manifesto Of The Communist Party

Capital Is Dead Labor, Which, Vampire-like, Lives Only By Sucking Living Labor, And Lives The More, The More Labor It Sucks.

Division Of Labor

Money Appears As Measure (in Homer, E.g. Oxen) Earlier Than As Medium Of Exchange, Because In Barter Each Commodity Is Still Its Own Medium Of Exchange. But It Cannot Be Its Own Or Its Own Standard Of Comparison.

Keep People From Their History, And They Are Easily Controlled.

The Bourgeoisie Of The Whole World, Which Looks Complacently Upon The Wholesale Massacre After The Battle, Is Convulsed By Horror At The Desecration Of Brick And Mortar.

Bricks And Mortar

A Circuit Performed By A Capital And Meant To Be A Periodical Process, Not An Individual Act, Is Called Its Turnover. The Duration Of This Turnover Is Determined By The Sum Of Its Time Of Production And Its Time Of Circulation.

Nothing Has Changed In Russias Policy. Her Methods, Her Tactics, Her Maneuvers May Change, But The Pole Starworld Dominationis Immutable.

The Bourgeoisie, Wherever It Has Got The Upper Hand, Has Put An End To All Feudal, Patriarchal, Idyllic Relations. It Has Pitilessly Torn Asunder The Motley Of Ties That Bound Man To His "natural Superiors," And Left Remaining No Other Nexus Between Man And Man Than Naked Self-interest, Than Callous "cash Payment.

The First Premise Of All Human History Is, Of Course, The Existence Of Living Human Individuals. Thus The First Fact To Be Established Is The Physical Organisation Of These Individuals And Their Consequent Relation To The Rest Of Nature.

These Numerous Points At Which Money Is Withdrawn From Circulation And Accumulated In Numerous Individual Hoards Or Potential Money-capitals Appears As So Many Obstacles To Circulation, Because They Immobilise The Money And Deprive It Of Its Capacity To Circulate For A Certain Time.

History Calls Those Men The Greatest Who Have Ennobled Themselves By Working For The Common Good; Experience Acclaims As Happiest The Man Who Has Made The Greatest Number Of People Happy.

English Law In 1572 Decreed That Beggars Above 14 Years Of Age Are To Be Severely Flogged And Branded On The Left Ear Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; In Case Of A Repetition Of The Offense, If They Are Over 18, They Are To Be Executed, Unless Some One Will Take Them Into Service For Two Years; But For The Third Offence They Are To Be Executed Without Mercy As Felons.

All Our Inventions Have Endowed Material Forces With Intellectual Life, And Degraded Human Life Into A Material Force.

Although Usury Is Itself A Form Of Credit In Its Bourgeoisified Form, The Form Adapted To Capital , In Its Pre-bourgeois Form It Is Rather The Expression Of The Lack Of Credit .

It Is A Bad Thing To Perform Menial Duties Even For The Sake Of Freedom; To Fight With Pinpricks, Instead Of With Clubs. I Have Become Tired Of Hypocrisy, Stupidity, Gross Arbitrariness, And Of Our Bowing And Scraping, Dodging, And Hair-splitting Over Words. Consequently, The Government Has Given Me Back My Freedom.

Society Is A Sort Of Organism On The Growth Of Which Conscious Efforts Can Exercise Little Effect.

The Communists Have No Need To Introduce Free Love; It Has Existed Almost From Time Immemorial.

An Object Of Art Creates A Public Capable Of Finding Pleasure In Its Beauty. Production, Therefore, Not Only Produces An Object For The Subject, But Also A Subject For The Object.

The Aggregate Capital Appears As The Capital Stock Of All Individual Capitalists Combined. This Joint Stock Company Has In Common With Many Other Stock Companies That Everyone Knows What He Puts In, But Not What He Will Get Out Of It.

It Would Perhaps Be As Well If Things Were To Remain Quiet For A Few Years Yet, So That All This 1848 Democracy Has Time To Rot Away.

Democracies Have

I Am Greatly Pleased With The Public, Authentic Isolation In Which We Two, You And I, Now Find Ourselves. It Is Wholly In Accord With Our Attitude And Our Principles.

All Social Rules And All Relations Between Individuals Are Eroded By A Cash Economy, Avarice Drags Pluto Himself Out Of The Bowels Of The Earth.

Civil Servants And Priests, Soldiers And Ballet-dancers, Schoolmasters And Police Constables, Greek Museums And Gothic Steeples, Civil List And Services List -- The Common Seed Within Which All These Fabulous Beings Slumber In Embryo Is Taxation.

The Religious World Is But A Reflex Of The Real World.

Landlords, Like All Other Men, Love To Reap Where They Never Sowed.

Natural Science Will In Time Incorporate Into Itself The Science Of Man, Just As The Science Of Man Will Incorporate Into Itself Natural Science: There Will Be One Science.

The Proletarians Have Nothing To Loose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win.

An Organised System Of Machines, To Which Motion Is Communicated By The Transmitting Mechanism From A Central Automation, Is The Most Developed Form Of Production By Machinery.

The English Established Church... Will More Readily Pardon An Attack On 38 Of Its 39 Articles Than On 1/39 Of Its Income.

If This Labourer Were In Possession Of His Own Means Of Production, And Was Satisfied To Live As A Labourer, He Need Not Work Beyond Beyond The Time Necessary For The Reproduction Of His Means Of Subsistence, Say 8 Hours A Day.

The Executive Of The Modern State Is But A Committee For Managing The Common Affairs Of The Whole Bourgeoisie.

Machines Were, It May Be Said, The Weapon Employed By The Capitalists To Quell The Revolt Of Specialized Labor.

As, In Religion, Man Is Governed By The Products Of His Own Brain, So In Capitalistic Production, He Is Governed By The Products Of His Own Hand.

Money Degrades All The Gods Of Man And Converts Them Into Commodities.

Religion Is The Opium Of The Masses.

The Democratic Concept Of Man Is False, Because It Is Christian. The Democratic Concept Holds That . . . Each Man Is A Sovereign Being. This Is The Illusion, Dream, And Postulate Of Christianity.

A Spectre Is Haunting Europe-the Spectre Of Communism. All The Powers Of Old Europe Have Entered Into Holy Alliance To Exorcise This Spectre: Pope And Czar, Metternich And Guizot, French Radicals And German Police-spies. Where Is The Party In Opposition That Has Not Been Decried As Communistic By Its Opponents In Power? Where The Opposition That Has Not Hurled Back The Branding Reproach Of Communism, Against The More Advanced Opposition Parties, As Well As Against Its Reactionary Adversaries?

The Leading Princes Are The Most Servile Tools Of English Despotism. . . . The Native Princes Are The Stronghold Of The Present Abominable English System.

May The Devil Take These Peoples Movements, Especially When They Are 'peaceful'.

The French Need A Thrashing. If The Prussians Win, The Centralization Of State Power Will Be Useful For The Centralization Of The German Working Class. German Predominance Would Also Transfer The Center Of Gravity Of The Workers' Movement In Western Europe From France To Germany, And One Has Only To Compare The Movement In The Two Countries From 1866 Until Now To See That The German Working Class Is Superior To The French Both Theoretically And Organizationally.

The Imaginary Flowers Of Religion Adorn Man's Chains. Man Must Throw Off The Flowers, And Also The Chains.

Under The Ideal Measure Of Values There Lurks The Hard Cash.

Social Consciousness

...it Happens That Society Is Saved As Often As The Circle Of Its Ruling Class Is Narrowed, As Often As A More Exclusive Interest Asserts Itself Over The General. Every Demand For The Most Simple Bourgeois Financial Reform, For The Most Ordinary Liberalism, For The Most Commonplace Republicanism, For The Flattest Democracy Is Forthwith Punished As An Assault Upon Society And Is Branded As Socialism.

The Tories In England Had Long Imagined That They Were Enthusiastic About The Monarchy, The Church And Beauties Of The Old English Constitution, Until The Day Of Danger Wrung From Them The Confession That They Are Enthusiastic Only About Rent.

Communism Is For Us Not A State Of Affairs Which Is To Be Established, An Ideal To Which Reality [will] Have To Adjust Itself. We Call Communism The Real Movement Which Abolishes The Present State Of Things. The Conditions Of This Movement Result From The Premises Now In Existence.

A People Without A Heritage Are Easily Persuaded.

The Writer Must Earn Money In Order To Be Able To Live And To Write, But He Must By No Means Live And Write For The Purpose Of Making Money.

A Heavy Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax.

The Discovery Of Gold And Silver In America, The Extirpation, Enslavement And Entombment In Mines Of The Aboriginal Population, The Turning Of Africa Into A Warren For The Commercial Hunting Of Black-skins, Signalised The Rosy Dawn Of The Era Of Capitalist Production.

Follow Your Own Path, No Matter What People Say.

All Forms Of The State Have Democracy For Their Truth, And For That Reason Are False To The Extent That They Are Not Democracy

There Are, Besides, Eternal Truths, Such As Freedom, , Etc., That Are Common To All States Of Society. But Communism Abolishes Eternal Truths, It Abolishes All Religion, And All Morality, Instead Of Constituting Them On A New Basis; It Therefore Acts In Contradiction To All Past Historical Experience.

The Way People Get Their Living Determines Their Social Outlook.

Money Is Therefore Not Only The Object But Also The Fountainhead Of Greed.

There Is No Greater Stupidity Than For People...to Marry And So Surrender Themselves To The Small Miseries Of Domestic And Private Life.

From Each According To His Abilities, To Each According To His Needs.

England Has To Fulfill A Double Mission In India: One Destructive, The Other Regenerating - The Annihilation Of Old Asiatic Society, And The Laying The Material Foundations Of Western Society In Asia... When A Great Social Revolution Shall Have Mastered The Results Of The Bourgeois Epoch... And Subjected Them To The Common Control Of The Most Advanced Peoples, Then Only Will Human Progress Cease To Resemble That Hideous, Pagan Idol, Who Would Not Drink The Nectar But From The Skulls Of The Slain.

Do Not Be Deluded By The Abstract Word Freedom. Whose Freedom? Not The Freedom Of One Individual In Relation To Another, But Freedom Of Capital To Crush The Worker.

We Have No Compassion And We Ask No Compassion From You. When Our Turn Comes, We Shall Not Make Excuses For The Terror.

Communism... Is The Genuine Resolution Of The Antagonism Between Man And Nature And Between Man And Man; It Is The True Resolution Of The Conflict Between Existence And Essence, Objectification And Self-affirmation, Freedom And Necessity, Individual And Species. It Is The Riddle Of History Solved And Knows Itself As The Solution.

Without Doubt, Machinery Has Greatly Increased The Number Of Well-to-do Idlers.

Language Comes Into Being, Like Consciousness, From The Basic Need, From The Scantiest Intercourse With Other Human.

There Is Only One Effective Antidote For Mental Suffering And That Is Physical Pain.

Nature Is Man's Inorganic Body -- That Is To Say, Nature Insofar As It Is Not The Human Body. Man Lives From Nature -- I.e., Nature Is His Body -- And He Must Maintain A Continuing Dialogue With It Is He Is Not To Die. To Say That Man's Physical And Mental Life Is Linked To Nature Simply Means That Nature Is Linked To Itself, For Man Is A Part Of Nature.

The Most Violent, Mean And Malignant Passions Of The Human Breast, The Furies Of Private Interest.

When The Labourer Co-operates Systematically With Others, He Strips Off The Fetters Of His Individuality, And Develops The Capabilities Of His Species.

Value, Therefore, Does Not Stalk About With A Label Describing What It Is.

But Capitalist Production Begets,with The Inexorability Of A Law Of Nature,its Own Negation. It Is The Negation Of Negation.

Money Does Not Arise By Convention, Any More Than The State Does. It Arises Out Of Exchange, And Arises Naturally Out Of Exchange; It Is A Product Of The Same.

We Cannot Tell By Looking At The Diamond That It Is A Commodity. When It Serves As A Use-value, Asthetic Or Mechanical, On The Breast Of A Harlot, Or In The Hand Of A Glasscutter, It Is A Diamond And Not A Commodity.

There Is One Great Fact, Characteristic Of This Our Nineteenth Century, A Fact Which No Party Dares Deny. On The One Hand, There Have Started Into Life Industrial And Scientific Forces Which No Epoch Of Former Human History Had Ever Suspected. On The Other Hand, There Exist Symptoms Of Decay, Far Surpassing The Horrors Recorded Of The Latter Times Of The Roman Empire. In Our Days Everything Seems Pregnant With Its Contrary.

The Communist Revolution Is The Most Radical Rupture With Traditional Property Relations; No Wonder That Its Development Involves The Most Radical Rupture With Traditional Ideas.

But, You Will Say, We Destroy The Most Hallowed Of Relations, When We Replace Home Education By Social.... The Communists Have Not Invented The Intervention Of Society In Education; They Do But Seek To Alter The Character Of That Intervention, And To Rescue Education From The Influence Of The Ruling Class.

Surround Yourself With People Who Make You Happy. People Who Make You Laugh, Who Help You When You’re In Need. People Who Genuinely Care. They Are The Ones Worth Keeping In Your Life. Everyone Else Is Just Passing Through.

If The Labourer Consumes His Disposable Time For Himself, He Robs The Capitalist.

The History Of All Previous Societies Has Been The History Of Class Struggles.

Communism Begins Where Atheism Begins.

Man Makes Religion, Religion Does Not Make Man

Criticism Of Religion

Is A Fixed Income Not A Good Thing? Does Not Everyone Love To Count On A Sure Thing? Especially Every Petty-bourgeois, Narrow-minded Frenchman? The 'ever Needy' Man?

...it Is All The More Clear What We Have To Accomplish At Present: I Am Referring To Ruthless Criticism Of All That Exists, Ruthless Both In The Sense Of Not Being Afraid Of The Results It Arrives At And In The Sense Of Being Just As Little Afraid Of Conflict With The Powers That Be.

In Proportion Therefore, As The Repulsiveness Of The Work Increases, The Wage Decreases.

Communist Manifesto

The Need Of A Constantly Expanding Market For Its Products Chases The Bourgeoisie Over The Entire Surface Of The Globe.

Communist Manifesto

There Are No Bigger Donkeys Than These Workers.... Look At Our 'craftsmen'; Sad That World History Should Be Be Made With Such People.

To Be Radical Is To Grasp Things By The Root.

Reason Has Always Existed, But Not Always In A Reasonable Form.

Communist Manifesto

Religion Is The Balm Of The People.

Religious Distress Is At The Same Time The Expression Of The Real Distress And Also The Protest Against Real Distress. Religion Is The Sigh Of The Oppressed Creature, The Heart Of A Heartless World, Just As It Is The Spirit Of The Spiritless Condition. It Is The Opium Of The People.

All Freed, Fast-frozen Relations, With Their Train Of Ancient And Venerable Prejudices And Opinions, Are Swept Away, All New-formed Ones Become Antiquated Before They Can Ossify. All That Is Solid Melts Into Air, All That Is Holy Is Profaned, And Man Is At Last Compelled To Face With Sober Senses, His Real Conditions Of Life, And His Relations With His Kind.

The Circulation Of Commodities Is The Original Precondition Of The Circulation Of Money.

I Pre-suppose, Of Course, A Reader Who Is Willing To Learn Something New And Therefore To Think For Himself.

If Emancipation Of The Working Classes Requires Their Fraternal Conncurrence, How Are They To Fulfill That Great Mission With A Foreign Policy In Pursuit Of Criminal Designs, Playing Upon National Prejudices, And Squandering In Piratical Wars The People's Blood And Treasure? It Was Not The Wisdom Of The Ruling Classes, But The Heroic Resistance To Their Criminal Folly By The Working Classes Of England, That Saved The West Of Europe From Plunging Headlong Into An Infamous Crusade For The Propagation Of Slavery On The Other Side Of The Atlantic.

Change The Economic Base And You Will Change Human Beings.

But There Is A Devil Of A Difference Between Barbarians Who Are Fit By Nature To Be Used For Anything, And Civilized People Who Apply Them Selves To Everything.

[t]he Task Of Abolishing The Essence Of Jewry Is In Truth The Task Of Abolishing Jewry In Civil Society, Abolishing The Inhumanity Of Today's Practice Of Life, The Summit Of Which Is The Money System.

Our Epoch, The Epoch Of The Bourgeoisie, Posses However, This Distinctive Feature; It Has Simplified The Class Antagonisms. Society As A Whole Is More And More Splitting Up Into Two Great Hostile Camps, Into Two Great Classes Directly Facing Each Other.

For The Bureaucrat, The World Is A Mere Object To Be Manipulated By Him.

All History Is Nothing But A Continuous Transformation Of Human Nature.

A Nation That Enslaves Another Forges Its Own Chains.

We Should Not Say That One Man's Hour Is Worth Another Man's Hour, But Rather That One Man During An Hour Is Worth Just As Much As Another Man During An Hour. Time Is Everything, Man Is Nothing: He Is At The Most Time's Carcass.

Catch A Man A Fish, And You Can Sell It To Him. Teach A Man To Fish, And You Ruin A Wonderful Business Opportunity.

Taxes Are The Source Of Life For The Bureaucracy, The Army And The Court, In Short, For The Whole Apparatus Of The Executive Power. Strong Government And Heavy Taxes Are Identical.

Take Away A Nation's Heritage And They Are More Easily Persuaded.

Nothing Is Easier Than To Give Christian Asceticism A Socialist Tinge.

By The Aristocracy Of Finance Must Here Be Understood Not Merely The Great Loan Promoters And Speculators In Public Funds, In Regard To Whom It Is Immediately Obvious That Their Interests Coincide With The Interests Of The State Power. All Modern Finance, The Whole Of The Banking Business, Is Interwoven In The Closest Fashion With Public Credit.

Luxury Is The Opposite Of The Naturally Necessary.

Ideas Do Not Exist Separately From Language.

Democracy Is The Road To Socialism.

The Circulation Of Capital Realizes Value , While Living Labour Creates Value .

While The Miser Is Merely A Capitalist Gone Mad, The Capitalist Is A Rational Miser.

The Class Struggle Necessarily Leads To The Dictatorship Of The Proletariat.

In Place Of The Old Bourgeois Society, With Its Classes And Class Antagonisms, We Shall Have An Association In Which The Free Development Of Each Is The Condition For The Free Development Of All.

By Means Of The Banking System The Distribution Of Capital As A Special Business, A Social Function, Is Taken Out Of The Hands Of The Private Capitalists And Usurers. But At The Same Time, Banking And Credit Become The Most Effective Means Of Driving Captialist Production Beyond Its Own Limits And One Of The Most Effective Vehicles Of Crises And Swindle.

The Monopoly Of Capital Becomes A Fetter Upon The Mode Of Production, Which Has Sprung Up And Flourished Along With, And Under It. Centralisation Of The Means Of Production And Socialisation Of Labour At Last Reach A Point Where They Become Incompatible With There Capitalist Integument. This Integument Is Burst Asunder. The Knell Of Capitalist Private Property Sounds. The Expropriators Are Expropriated.

Misery Motivates, Not Utopia.

Accumulation Of Wealth At One Pole Is At The Same Time Accumulation Of Misery, Agony Of Toil, Slavery, Ignorance, Brutality, Mental Degradation, At The Opposite Pole

The Burgeoisie, By The Rapid Improvement Of All Instruments Of Production, By The Immensely Facilitated Means Of Communication, Draws All Nations Into Civilization.

Labor In The White Skin Can Never Free Itself As Long As Labor In The Black Skin Is Branded.

What The Bourgeoisie Therefore Produces, Above All, Are Its Own Grave-diggers. Its Fall And The Victory Of The Proletariat Are Equally Inevitable.

Let The Ruling Classes Tremble At A Communist Revolution. The Proletarians Have Nothing To Lose But Their Chains. They Have A World To Win. Workingmen Of All Countries, Unite!

If You Can Cut The People Off From Their History, Then They Can Be Easily Persuaded.

Beauty Is The Main Positive Form Of The Aesthetic Assimilation Of Reality, In Which Aesthetic Ideal Finds It Direct Expression.

Social Progress Can Be Measured Exactly By The Social Position Of The Fair Sex.

The Traditions Of The Dead Generations Weigh Like A Nightmare Upon The Living.

Even An Entire Society, A Nation, Or All Simultaneously Existing Societies Taken Together, Are Not Owners Of The Earth. They Are Simply Its Possessors, Its Beneficiaries, And Have To Bequeath It In An Improved State To Succeeding Generations.

Capital Brings Forth Living Offspring, Or At The Least, Lays The Golden Eggs.

Go On, Get Out - Last Words Are For Fools Who Haven't Said Enough. To His Housekeeper, Who Urged Him To Tell Her His Last Words So She Could Write Them Down For Posterity.

Men Make Their Own History But Not In Circumstances Of Their Own Choosing.

The Capitalist Knows That All Commodities, However Scurvy They May Look, Or However Badly They May Smell, Are In Faith And In Truth Money, Inwardly Circumcised Jews, And What Is More, A Wonderful Means Whereby Out Of Money To Make More Money.

Perseus Wore A Magic Cap That The Monsters He Hunted Down Might Not See Him. We Draw The Magic Cap Down Over Eyes And Ears As A Make-believe That There Are No Monsters.

The Capitalist Cannot Store Labour-power In Warehouses After He Has Bought It, As He May Do With The Raw Material.

Philosophy Is To Science As Masturbation Is To Sex.

Men Make Their Own History

Communist Manifesto

Labor, Being Itself A Commodity, Is Measured As Such By The Labor Time Needed To Produce The Labor-commodity. And What Is Needed To Produce This Labor-commodity? Just Enough Labor Time To Produce The Objects Indispensable To The Constant Maintenance Of Labor, That Is, To Keep The Worker Alive And In A Condition To Propagate His Race. The Natural Price Of Labor Is No Other Than The Wage Minimum.

Wages Are Determined By The Bitter Struggle Between Capitalist And Worker.

Hence Money May Be Dirt, Although Dirt Is Not Money.

It Appears Then, That Capitalist Production Comprises Conditions Independent Of Good Or Bad Will, Conditions Which Permit The Working-class To Enjoy That Relative Prosperity Only Momentarily, And At That Always Only As The Harbinger Of A Coming Crisis.

As A Beast Of Toil An Ox Is Fixed Capital. If He Is Eaten, He No Longer Functions As An Instrument Of Labour, Nor As Fixed Capital Either.

Anyone Wanting A New House Picks One From Among Those Built On Speculation Or Still In Process Of Construction. The Builder No Longer Works For His Customers But For The Market.

Workers Of The World Unite; You Have Nothing To Lose But Your Chains.

Communist Manifesto

From The Outset, The Christian Was The Theorizing Jew, The Jew Is Therefore The Practical Christian, And The Practical Christian Has Become A Jew Again.

A Man Cannot Become A Child Again, Or He Becomes Childish.

The English Have All The Material Requisites For The Revolution. What They Lack Is The Spirit Of Generalization And Revolutionary Ardour.

Between Capitalist And Communist Society There Lies The Period Of The Revolutionary Transformation Of The One Into The Other. Corresponding To This Is Also A Political Transition Period In Which The State Can Be Nothing But The Revolutionary Dictatorship Of The Proletariat.

Capital Is Reckless Of The Health Or Length Of Life Of The Laborer, Unless Under Compulsion From Society.

The World Will Be For The Common People, And The Sounds Of Happiness Will Reach Even The Deepest Springs.

Since Only What Is Material Is Perceptible, Knowable, Nothing Is Known Of The Existence Of God.

Existence Of God

Each Piece Of Money Is A Mere Coin, Or Means Of Circulation, Only So Long As It Actually Circulates.

A Specter Is Haunting Europe - The Specter Of Communism.

Constant Revolutionizing Of Production, Uninterrupted Disturbance Of All Social Conditions, Everlasting Uncertainty And Agitation Distinguish The Bourgeosis Epoch From All Earlier Ones.

Communist Manifesto

Social Reforms Are Never Carried Out By The Weakness Of The Strong; But Always By The Strength Of The Weak.

The Unity Is Brought About By Force .

The Alienation Of Man Thus Appeared As The Fundamental Evil Of Capitalist Society.

All I Know Is That I Am Not A Marxist.

Science And Democracy Are The Right And Left Hands Of What I'll Refer To As The Move From The Realm Of Necessity To The Realm Of Freedom.

The More Of Himself Man Attributes To God, The Less He Has Left In Himself.

A Heavy Or Progressive Or Graduated Income Tax Is Necessary For The Proper Development Of Communism.

Without The Presence Of Class Warfare, Trade Unions Would Be Hard Put To Justfy Their Existence.

The Directing Motive, The End And Aim Of Capitalist Production, Is To Extract The Greatest Possible Amount Of Surplus Value, And Consequently To Exploit Labor-power To The Greatest Possible Extent.

The Labour-power Is A Commodity , Not Capital, In The Hands Of The Labourer, And It Constitutes For Him A Revenue So Long As He Can Continuously Repeat Its Sale; It Functions As Capital After Its Sale, In The Hands Of The Capitalist, During The Process Of Production Itself.

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