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The Man Who Backbites An Absent Friend, Nay, Who Does Not Stand Up For Him When Another Blames Him, The Man Who Angles For Bursts Of Laughter And For The Repute Of A Wit, Who Can Invent What He Never Saw, Who Cannot Keep A Secret -- That Man Is Black At Heart: Mark And Avoid Him.

-Marcus Tullius Cicero

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The Man Who Backbites

Marcus Tullius Cicero

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The Man Who Backbites An Absent Friend, Nay, Who Does Not Stand Up For Him When Another Blames Him, The Man Who Angles For Bursts Of Laughter And For The Repute Of A Wit, Who Can Invent What He Never Saw, Who Cannot Keep A Secret -- That Man Is Black At Heart: Mark And Avoid Him.

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More From Marcus Tullius Cicero

There Is No Praise In Being Upright, Where No One Can, Or Tries To Corrupt You.

To Live Long It Is Necessary To Live Slowly.

Take From A Man His Reputation For Probity, And The More Shrewd And Clever He Is, The More Hated And Mistrusted He Becomes.

Let The Punishment Be Equal With The Offence. [lat., Noxiae Poena Par Esto.]

He Is Rich Who Wishes No More Than He Has.

So Near Is Falsehood To Truth That A Wise Man Would Do Well Not To Trust Himself On The Narrow Edge.

Sweet Is The Recollection Of Difficulties Overcome.

A Community Is Like The Ones Who Govern It.

It Is A Strong Proof Of Men Knowing Most Things Before Birth, That When Mere Children They Grasp Innumerable Facts With Such Speed As To Show That They Are Not Then Taking Them In For The First Time, But Are Remembering And Recalling Them.

Fire And Water Are Not Of More Universal Use Than Friendship.

We Can More Easily Avenge An Injury Than Requite A Kindness; On This Account, Because There Is Less Difficulty In Getting The Better Of The Wicked Than In Making One's Self Equal With The Good.

Death Approaches, Which Is Always Impending Like The Stone Over Tantalus: Then Comes Superstition With Which He Who Is Imbued Can Never Have Peace Of Mind.

Would That I Could Discover Truth As Easily As I Can Uncover Falsehood.

Few Are Those Who Wish To Be Endowed With Virtue Rather Than To Seem So.

The Works Of Nature Must All Be Accounted Good.

My Precept To All Who Build, Is, That The Owner Should Be An Ornament To The House, And Not The House To The Owner.

Thou Knowest How Numerous This Tribe Is, How United And How Powerful In The Assemblies. I Will Plead In A Low Voice So That Only The Judges May Hear, For Instigators Are Not Lacking To Stir Up The Crowd Against Me, And Against All The Best Citizens. To Scorn, In The Interest Of The Republic, This Multitude Of Jews So Often Turbulent In The Assemblies Shows A Singular Strength Of Mind. The Money Is In The Treasury; They Do Not Accuse Us Of Theft; They Seek To Stir Up Hatreds.

Any Man Can Make A Mistake; Only A Fool Keeps Making The Same One.

There Is Not Only An Art, But An Eloquence In It.

No One Has The Right To Be Sorry For Himself For A Misfortune That Strikes Everyone.

Virtue Is A Habit Of The Mind, Consistent With Nature And Moderation And Reason.

Taxes Are The Sinews Of The State.

The Evil Implanted In Man By Nature Spreads So Imperceptibly, When The Habit Of Wrong-doing Is Unchecked, That He Himself Can Set No Limit To His Shamelessness.

It Is A True Saying That 'one Falsehood Easily Leads To Another.'

Rather Leave The Crime Of The Guilty Unpunished Than Condemn The Innocent.

So You See, Old Age Is Really Not So Bad. May You Come To Know The Condition!

A Bachelor's Bed Is The Most Pleasant.

Nothing Is So Secure As That Money Will Not Defeat It.

We Are All Excited By The Love Of Praise, And The Noblest Are Most Influenced By Glory.

Freedom Suppressed And Again Regained Bites With Keener Fangs Than Freedom Never Endangered.

Come Now: Do We Really Think That The Gods Are Everywhere Called By The Same Names By Which They Are Addressed By Us? But The Gods Have As Many Names As There Are Languages Among Humans. For It Is Not With The Gods As With You: You Are Velleius Wherever You Go, But Vulcan Is Not Vulcan In Italy And In Africa And In Spain.

I Follow Nature As The Surest Guide, And Resign Myself With Implicit Obedience To Her Sacred Ordinances.

It Is Foolish To Pluck Out One's Hair For Sorrow, As If Grief Could Be Assuaged By Baldness.

You Must Become An Old Man In Good Time If You Wish To Be An Old Man Long. [lat., Mature Fieri Senem, Si Diu Velis Esses Senex.]

The Gods Attend To Great Matters, They Neglect Small Ones.

I Prefer Tongue-tied Knowledge To Ignorant Loquacity.

Knowing Who You Are

What Is Thine Is Mine, And All Mine Is Thine.

We Do Not Destroy Religion By Destroying Superstition.

No Grief Is So Acute But Time Ameliorates It.

Because All The Sick Do Not Recover, Therefore Medicine Is Not An Art.

To Be Endowed With Strength By Nature, To Be Actuated By The Powers Of The Mind, And To Have A Certain Spirit Almost Divine Infused Into You.

The Swan Is Not Without Cause Dedicated To Apollo, Because Foreseeing His Happiness In Death, He Dies With Singing And Pleasure.

Thou Shouldst Eat To Live; Not Live To Eat. [lat., Esse Oportet Ut Vivas, Non Vivere Ut Edas.]

Learning Is A Kind Of Natural Food For The Mind.

Rashness Attends Youth, As Prudence Does Old Age.

Our Minds Possess By Nature An Insatiable Desire To Know The Truth.

Honourable Mention Encourages Science, And Merit Is Fostered By Praise.

Confidence Is That Feeling By Which The Mind Embarks In Great And Honorable Courses With A Sure Hope And Trust In Itself.

A Sensual And Intemperate Youth Hands Over A Worn-out Body To Old Age. [lat., Libidinosa Etenim Et Intemperans Adolescentiam Effoetum Corpus Tradit Senectuti.]

What Is Dishonorably Got, Is Dishonorably Squandered.

It Is A Shameful Thing To Be Weary Of Inquiry When What We Search For Is Excellent.

There Is Not A Moment Without Some Duty.

In Nothing Do Humans Approach So Nearly To The Gods As Doing Good To Others.

Nothing Is So Unpredictable As A Throw Of The Dice, And Yet Every Man Who Plays Often Will At Some Time Or Other Make A Venus-cast: Now And Then He Indeed Will Make It Twice And Even Thrice In Succession. Are We Going To Be So Feebleminded Then As To Aver That Such A Thing Happened By The Personal Intervention Of Venus Rather Than By Pure Luck?

Let Every Man Practise The Trade Which He Best Understands.

It Is Better To Receive Than To Do Injury.

Pleasant Is The Recollection Of Dangers Past.

For Books Are More Than Books, They Are The Life, The Very Heart And Core Of Ages Past, The Reason Why Men Worked And Died, The Essence And Quintessence Of Their Lives.

For No Phase Of Life, Whether Public Or Private, Whether In Business Or In The Home, Whether One Is Working On What Concerns Oneself Alone Or Dealing With Another, Can Be Without Its Moral Duty; On The Discharge Of Such Duties Depends All That Is Morally Right, And On Their Neglect All That Is Morally Wrong In Life.

It Is A Man's Own Dishonesty, His Crimes, His Wickedness, And Boldness, That Takes Away From Him Soundness Of Mind; These Are The Furies, These The Flames And Firebrands, Of The Wicked.

We Don't Believe A Liar Even When He Tells The Truth.

The Contemplation Of Celestial Things Will Make A Man Both Speak And Think More Sublimely And Magnificently When He Descends To Human Affairs.

Anger Should Never Appear In Awarding Punishment.

Enmity Is Anger Watching The Opportunity For Revenge.

The First Bond Of Society Is Marriage.

No Man In His Senses Will Dance.

The Name Of Peace Is Sweet And The Thing Itself Good, But Between Peace And Slavery There Is The Greatest Difference.

Lucius Cassius Ille Quem Populus Romanus Verissimum Et Sapientissimum Iudicem Putabat Identidem In Causis Quaerere Solebat 'cui Bono' Fuisset. The Famous Lucius Cassius, Whom The Roman People Used To Regard As A Very Honest And Wise Judge, Was In The Habit Of Asking, Time And Again, 'to Whose Benefit?

It Is The Stain And Disgrace Of The Age To Envy Virtue, And To Be Anxious To Crush The Very Flower Of Dignity.

It Is Virtue, Virtue, Which Both Creates And Preserves Friendship. On It Depends Harmony Of Interest, Permanence, Fidelity.

Love Is The Attempt To Form A Friendship Inspired By Beauty.

It Is The Soul Itself Which Sees And Hears, And Not Those Parts Which Are, As It Were, But Windows To The Soul.

Window To The Soul

Never Injure A Friend, Even In Jest.

Opinionum Enim Commenta Delet Dies; Naturæ Judicia Confirmat. Time Destroys The Groundless Conceits Of Men; It Confirms Decisions Founded On Reality.

The Name Of Peace Is Sweet, And The Thing Itself Is Beneficial, But There Is A Great Difference Between Peace And Servitude. Peace Is Freedom In Tranquillity, Servitude Is The Worst Of All Evils, To Be Resisted Not Only By War, But Even By Death.

Nothing Is More Noble, Nothing More Venerable Than Fidelity.

These Studies Are A Spur To The Young, A Delight To The Old: An Ornament In Prosperity, A Consoling Refuge In Adversity; They Are Pleasure For Us At Home, And No Burden Abroad; They Stay Up With Us At Night, They Accompany Us When We Travel, They Are With Us In Our Country Visits.

Men Do Not Realize How Great An Income Thrift Is.

Let The Force Of Arms Give Place To Law And Justice.

Sed Nescio Quo Modo Nihil Tam Absurde Dici Potest Quod Non Dicatur Ab Aliquo Philosphorum. (there Is Nothing So Absurd But Some Philosopher Has Said It.)

Nothing Troubles You For Which You Do Not Yearn.

History Is The Witness That Testifies To The Passing Of Time.

History Of Life

Oh, How Great Is The Power Of Truth! Which Of Its Own Power Can Easily Defend Itself Against All The Ingenuity And Cunning And Wisdom Of Men, And Against The Treacherous Plots Of All The World.

It Is Not By Muscle, Speed, Or Physical Dexterity That Great Things Are Achieved, But By Reflection, Force Of Character, And Judgment.

Words Of Wisdom

Every Stage Of Human Life, Except The Last, Is Marked Out By Certain And Defined Limits; Old Age Alone Has No Precise And Determinate Boundary.

The Mere Act Of Believing That Some Wrongful Course Of Action Constitutes An Advantage Is Pernicious.

Virtue Is Its Own Reward.

Whatever Befalls In Accordance With Nature Should Be Accounted Good.

It Is Fortune, Not Wisdom, That Rules Man's Life.

A Letter Does Not Blush.

Rashness Is The Companion Of Youth, Prudence Of Old Age.

The Thirst Of Desire Is Never Filled, Nor Fully Satisfied.

Hatred Is Inveterate Anger.

When A Government Becomes Powerful It Is Destructive, Extravagant And Violent; It Is An Usurer Which Takes Bread From Innocent Mouths And Deprives Honorable Men Of Their Substance, For Votes With Which To Perpetuate Itself.

Our Thoughts Are Free.

Man's Best Support Is A Very Dear Friend.

From All Sides There Is Equally A Way To The Lower World.

I Know That It Is Likely That As Worship Of The Gods Declines, Faith Between Men And All Human Society Will Disappear, As Well As That Most Excellent Of All Virtues, Which Is Justice.

In The Approach To Virtue There Are Many Steps.

For Out Of Such An Ungoverned Populace One Is Usually Chosen As A Leader, Someone Bold And Unscrupulous Who Curries Favor With The People By Giving Them Other Men's Property. To Such A Man The Protection Of Public Office Is Given, And Continually Renewed. He Emerges As A Tyrant Over The Very People Who Raised Him To Power.

Hunger Is The Best Sauce.

Exercise And Temperance Can Preserve Something Of Our Early Strength Even In Old Age.

Friendship, On The Other Hand, Serves A Great Host Of Different Purposes All At The Same Time. In Whatever Direction You Turn, It Still Remains Yours. No Barrier Can Shut It Out. It Can Never Be Untimely; It Can Never Be In The Way. We Need Friendship All The Time, Just As Much As We Need The Proverbial Prime Necessities Of Life, Fire And Water.

No Obligation To Do The Impossible Is Binding.

There Are More Men Ennobled By Study Than By Nature.

Like Associates With Like.

We Should Not Be So Taken Up In The Search For Truth, As To Neglect The Needful Duties Of Active Life; For It Is Only Action That Gives A True Value And Commendation To Virtue.

The Wise Are Instructed By Reason, Average Minds By Experience, The Stupid By Necessity And The Brute By Instinct.

. . . For Until That God Who Rules All The Region Of The Sky . . . Has Freed You From The Fetters Of Your Body, You Cannot Gain Admission Here. Men Were Created With The Understanding That They Were To Look After That Sphere Called Earth, Which You See In The Middle Of The Temple. Minds Have Been Given To Them Out Of The Eternal Fires You Call Fixed Stars And Planets, Those Spherical Solids Which, Quickened With Divine Minds, Journey Through Their Circuits And Orbits With Amazing Speed.

Even The Ablest Pilots Are Willing To Receive Advice From Passengers In Tempestuous Weather.

Let The Welfare Of The People Be The Ultimate Law.

Patria Est Communis Omnium Parens. Our Country Is The Common Parent Of All.

I Like Myself, But I Won't Say I'm As Handsome As The Bull That Kidnapped Europa.

There Is Nothing Which Wings Its Flight So Swiftly As Calumny, Nothing Is Uttered With More Ease; Nothing Is Listened To With More Readiness, Nothing Disbursed More Widely.

Socrates, Indeed, When He Was Asked Of What Country He Called Himself, Said, "of The World"; For He Considered Himself An Inhabitant And A Citizen Of The Whole World.

I Do Not Wish To Die: But I Care Not If I Were Dead. [lat., Emori Nolo: Sed Me Esse Mortuum Nihil Aestimo.]

You Must Therefore Love Me, Myself, And Not My Circumstances, If We Are To Be Real Friends.

Next To God We Are Nothing. To God We Are Everything.

What Is Permissible Is Not Always Honorable.

Virtue Is Increased By The Smile Of Approval; And The Love Of Renown Is The Greatest Incentive To Honourable Acts.

It Shows Nobility To Be Willing To Increase Your Debt To A Man To Whom You Already Owe Much.

Though Liberty Is Established By Law, We Must Be Vigilant, For Liberty To Enslave Us Is Always Present Under That Very Liberty. Our Constitution Speaks Of The "general Welfare Of The People." Under That Phrase All Sorts Of Excesses Can Be Employed By Lusting Tyrants To Make Us Bondsmen.

The Dutifulness Of Children Is The Foundation Of All Virtues.

What Fervent Love Of Herself Would Virtue Excite If She Could Be Seen!

All The Arts, Which Have A Tendency To Raise Man In The Scale Of Being, Have A Certain Common Band Of Union, And Are Connected, If I May Be Allowed To Say So, By Blood-relationship With One Another.

The Impulse Which Directs To Right Conduct, And Deters From Crime, Is Not Only Older Than The Ages Of Nations And Cities, But Coeval With That Divine Being Who Sees And Rules Both Heaven And Earth.

O Wretched Man, Wretched Not Just Because Of What You Are, But Also Because You Do Not Know How Wretched You Are!

Friendship Is Nothing Else Than An Accord In All Things, Human And Divine, Conjoined With Mutual Goodwill And Affection.

Habit Is, As It Were, A Second Nature. [lat., Consuetudo Quasi Altera Natura Effici.]

Scurrility Has No Object In View But Incivility; If It Is Uttered From Feelings Of Petulance, It Is Mere Abuse; If It Is Spoken In A Joking Manner, It May Be Considered Raillery.

Brevity Is A Great Charm Of Eloquence.

Generosity Should Never Exceed Ability.

Favours Out Of Place I Regard As Positive Injuries.

No Man Can Be Brave Who Thinks Pain The Greatest Evil; Nor Temperate, Who Considers Pleasure The Highest God. [lat., Fortis Vero, Dolorem Summum Malum Judicans; Aut Temperans, Voluptatem Summum Bonum Statuens, Esse Certe Nullo Modo Potest.]

To Reduce Man To The Duties Of His Own City, And To Disengage Him From Duties To The Members Of Other Cities, Is To Break The Universal Society Of The Human Race.

We Are Bound By The Law, So That We May Be Free.

It Was Fear That Was Then Making You A Good Citizen, Which Is Never A Lasting Teacher Of Duty.

We Rejoice In The Joys Of Our Friends As Much As We Do Our Own, And We Are Equally Grieved At Their Sorrows. Wherefore The Wise People Will Feel Toward Their Friends As They Do Toward Themselves, And Whatever Labor They Would Encounter With A View To Their Own Pleasure, They Will Encounter Also For The Sake Of Their Friends.

In Fact The Whole Passion Ordinarily Termed Love (and Heaven Help Me If I Can Think Of Any Other Term To Apply To It) Is Of Such Exceeding Triviality That I See Nothing That I Think Comparable With It.

Vicious Habits Are So Great A Stain To Human Nature, And So Odious In Themselves, That Every Person Actuated By Right Reason Would Avoid Them, Though He Were Sure They Would Be Always Concealed Both From God And Man, And Had No Future Punishment Entailed Upon Them.

Learning Maketh Young Men Temperate, Is The Comfort Of Old Age, Standing For Wealth With Poverty, And Serving As An Ornament To Riches.

Quacks Pretend To Cure Other Men's Disorders, But Fail To Find A Remedy For Their Own.

The Mansion Should Not Be Graced By Its Master, The Master Should Grace The Mansion.

Constant Practice Devoted To One Subject Often Outdoes Both Intelligence And Skill. - Assiduus Usus Uni Rei Deditus Et Ingenium Et Artem Saepe Vincit

Our Minds Are Rendered Buoyant By Exercise.

We Ought To Regard Amiability As The Quality Of Woman, Dignity That Of Man.

Superstition Is An Unreasoning Fear Of God.

Any Man May Make A Mistake; None But A Fool Will Stick To It. Second Thoughts Are Best As The Proverb Says. [lat., Cujusvis Hominis Est Errare; Nullius, Nisi Insipientis, In Errore Perseverae. Posteriores Enim Cogitationes (ut Aiunt) Sapientiores Solent Esse.]

The Gardener Plants Trees, Not One Berry Of Which He Will Ever See: And Shall Not A Public Man Plant Laws, Institutions, Government, In Short, Under The Same Conditions?

If I Had More Time, I Would Have Written A Shorter Letter.

No Sane Man Will Dance.

I Will Adhere To The Counsels Of Good Men, Although Misfortune And Death Should Be The Consequence.

All Things Tend To Corrupt Perverted Minds.

Silence Is One Of The Great Arts Of Conversation.

The Diseases Of The Mind Are More And More Destructive Than Those Of The Body. [lat., Morbi Perniciores Pluresque Animi Quam Corporis.]

The Causes Of Events Are Ever More Interesting Than The Events Themselves.

Gratitude Is Not Only The Greatest Of Virtues, But The Parent Of All The Others.

What Nobler Employment, Or More Valuable To The State, Than That Of The Man Who Instructs The Rising Generation?

Action Is The Language Of The Body And Should Harmonize With The Spirit Within.

There Is No Opinion So Stupid That It Can't Be Expressed By Some Philosopher.

There Is Pleasure In Calm Remembrance Of A Past Sorrow.

Always The Same Thing.

The Proof Of A Well-trained Mind Is That It Rejoices In Which Is Good And Grieves At The Opposite.

There Is A Certain Virtue In Every Good Man, Which Night And Day Stirs Up The Mind With The Stimulus Of Glory, And Reminds It That All Mention Of Our Name Will Not Cease At The Same Time With Our Lives, But That Our Fame Will Endure To All Posterity.

Ye Immortal Gods! Where In The World Are We?

Excessive Liberty Leads Both Nations And Individuals Into Excessive Slavery. [lat., Nimia Libertas Et Populis Et Privatis In Nimiam Servitutem Cadit.]

To Know The Laws Is Not To Memorize Their Letter But To Grasp Their Full Force And Meaning.

Ill Gotten Gains Will Be Ill Spent.

A Nation Can Survive Its Fools, And Even The Ambitious. But It Cannot Survive Treason From Within. An Enemy At The Gates Is Less Formidable, For He Is Known And Carries His Banner Openly. But The Traitor Moves Amongst Those Within The Gate Freely, His Sly Whispers Rustling Through All The Alleys, Heard In The Very Halls Of Government Itself.

World Government

Friends Are Proved By Adversity.

He Has No Other Recommendation, Save An Assumed And Crafty Solemnity Of Demeanour.

Recommendations

It Is Difficult To Tell How Much Men's Minds Are Conciliated By A Kind Manner And Gentle Speech.

It Is Not Easy To Distinguish Between True And False Affection, Unless There Occur One Of Those Crises In Which, As Gold Is Tried By Fire, So A Faithful Friendship May Be Tested By Danger.

Friends, Though Absent, Are Still Present.

There Is In Fact A True Law Namely Right Reason, Which Is In Accordance With Nature, Applies To All Men And Is Unchangeable And Eternal. ... It Will Not Lay Down One Rule At Rome And Another At Athens, Nor Will It Be One Rule Today And Another Tomorrow. But There Will Be One Law Eternal And Unchangeable Binding All Times And Upon All Peoples.

The Illustrious And Noble Ought To Place Before Them Certain Rules And Regulations, Not Less For Their Hours Of Leisure And Relaxation Than For Those Of Business.

Rules And Regulations

What Is There That Is Illustrious That Is Not Also Attended By Labor?

All Literature, All Philosophical Treatises, All The Voices Of Antiquity Are Full Of Examples For Imitation, Which Would All Lie Unseen In Darkness Without The Light Of Literature.

A Happy Life Consists In Tranquility Of Mind.

We Are Born Poets. We Become Orators.

Dum Spiro, Spero- As Long As I Breathe, I Hope.

It Might Be Pardonable To Refuse To Defend Some Men, But To Defend Them Negligently Is Nothing Short Of Criminal.

The Jews Belong To A Dark And Repulsive Force. One Knows How Numerous This Clique Is, How They Stick Together And What Power They Exercise Through Their Unions. They Are A Nation Of Rascals And Deceivers.

We Must Not Only Obtain Wisdom: We Must Enjoy Her.

As Fire When Thrown Into Water Is Cooled Down And Put Out, So Also A False Accusation When Brought Against A Man Of The Purest And Holiest Character, Boils Over And Is At Once Dissipated, And Vanishes.

For Every Man's Nature Is Concealed With Many Folds Of Disguise, And Covered As It Were With Various Veils. His Brows, His Eyes, And Very Often His Countenance, Are Deceitful, And His Speech Is Most Commonly A Lie.

I Am Pleased To Be Praised By A Man So Praised As You, Father. [words Used By Hector.] [lat., Laetus Sum Laudari Me Abs Te, Pater, Laudato Viro.]

The Man Who Is Always Fortunate Cannot Easily Have A Great Reverence For Virtue.

When I Consider The Wonderful Activity Of The Mind, So Great A Memory Of What Is Past, And Such A Capacity Of Penetrating Into The Future: When I Behold Such A Number Of Arts And Sciences, And Such A Multitude Of Discoveries Hence Arising,--i Believe And Am Firmly Persuaded That A Nature Which Contains So Many Things Within Itself Cannot Be Mortal.

Old Age, Especially An Honored Old Age, Has So Great Authority, That This Is Of More Value Than All The Pleasures Of Youth.

For What People Have Always Sought Is Equality Before The Law. For Rights That Were Not Open To All Alike Would Be No Rights.

I Never Admire Another's Fortune So Much That I Became Dissatisfied With My Own.

Crimes Are Not To Be Measured By The Issue Of Events, But By The Bad Intentions Of Men.

It Is The Act Of A Bad Man To Deceive By Falsehood.

Calamus Fortior Gladio.

What Is More Agreeable Than One's Home?

The Budget Should Be Balanced, The Treasury Refilled, Public Debt Reduced, The Arrogance Of Officialdom Tempered And Controlled, And The Assistance To Foreign Lands Curtailed, Lest Rome Become Bankrupt.

The More Virtuous Any Man Is, The Less Easily Does He Suspect Others To Be Vicious.

We Should Be Careful That Our Benevolence Does Not Exceed Our Means.

There Is No Grief Which Time Does Not Lessen And Soften. [lat., Nullus Dolor Est Quem Non Longinquitas Temporis Minuat Ac Molliat.]

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